2016，AlphaGo defeated bet365 casino bonus chess player Lee Sedol，Started the upsurge of artificial intelligence research and reflection。2017，The robot Sophia gains citizenship in Saudi Arabia，“Sophia” means “wisdom” in Greek、The name "Smart" contains people's expectations for the prospects of artificial intelligence。2019，Sophia added personality traits，With facial expressions and specific sense of values ​​that are more similar to humans，And expressed a desire to react like humans。Every surprising new development of artificial intelligence，They all ask bet365 casino bonus soul questions from their origin: What is a bet365 casino bonus being？Who am I？Where do I come from？Starts with Socrates telling us “Know thyself” through the Oracle of Delphi，The development of Western philosophy for more than two thousand years，Almost never stops treating people、Questioning about life itself。Present，Artificial intelligence provides new opportunities to further think about this issue，This also makes the rapid scientific development urgently need to accept the inspection of humanistic values。

　　bet365 casino bonus and non-bet365 casino bonus

　When asked by humans the question “Will a robot like you know that it is a robot?”，Sophia asked "wittily": "How do you know you are bet365 casino bonus？”This is a thought-provoking conversation between humans and robots。Questions raised by humans，In fact, it is a verification of robot self-awareness。The reason why this issue is critical，It’s because humans think they have it but other creatures don’t，It is precisely this ability of self-awareness and self-reflection。So，Can robots develop self-awareness，A decisive step for mankind。This kind of decisiveness is no less than allowing humans to recall and witness with their own eyes the moment when "bet365 casino bonus and ape say goodbye"。Sofia did not answer directly，But the conversation changed，Asking the question of bet365 casino bonus identity。If the first question focuses on the relationship between people and themselves，That is, how people confirm their existence and identity through self-awareness，Then add the second question，Just expand and deepen your thinking，It has become a question of the boundary between humans and non-humans。

The issue of boundaries between humans and non-humans，Should be in an artificial intelligence robot、A world where artificial life and other "replicas" look exactly like humans，The first challenge that mankind needs to face。The more essential question of this question is: What makes a person a bet365 casino bonus？As early as the Enlightenment philosophers，Especially Descartes and Locke，This issue has been intensively discussed。Descartes made this explanation of people in "Meditations on First Philosophy"，He said: "What am I？A thought thing。What is a thought？It is one who can doubt、Understanding、Yes、Negative、Will、Rejected，I can still imagine it、Feeling things。”Descartes speculated even at the time，In the future some kind of test may be required to determine whether a bet365 casino bonus-looking object is a machine or a bet365 casino bonus。About the specific model of this test，Please refer to the "Voight-Kampff Test" in the movie "Blade Runner"，That is, asking the testee dozens of echoing questions，And read the object’s reaction speed through the instrument、Subtle physiological changes，Determine whether the person being tested has bet365 casino bonus characteristics such as emotions。can be seen，Descartes’ theory stipulates people at both the rational and emotional levels。And in the implementation of the test，The particularity of emotion is highlighted as a symbol of "bet365 casino bonus nature"。The reason is，The "replicant" as an "enhanced version" of "bet365 casino bonus beings are rational animals"，Itself means that they are "smarter"。The so-called "smarter"，An important criterion is to minimize the interference of emotions in rational decision-making。Research shows，Emotion affects how quickly humans react and solve problems。In the history of philosophy，Emotional、Feeling、Emotions have long been considered to hinder the objectivity and correctness of knowledge and have been suppressed。Based on this，Having appropriate emotions is considered an important sign to distinguish people from "replicants"。

Then，Follow the above logic，If “replicas” could develop emotions，Are "replicas" with emotions considered bet365 casino bonus beings？Or take a step back，Can they enjoy the same rights as humans？Although whether artificial intelligence should and can actually produce bet365 casino bonus-like emotions is still a controversial topic，But we can already see the clues or ambitions of "emotional replicants"，For example, Sophia’s step-by-step evolution。But it is precisely the factor of "emotion"，Making the development positioning of “replicants” complicated。First，The equation "replica + emotion = bet365 casino bonus" obviously can only be established under a certain kind of logic，Accepting the fact is much more difficult。The original identity of "replicant"，It becomes the "original sin" that they cannot get rid of through addition and subtraction。Secondly，In today’s increasingly aging population and the trend of “unconnected society”，We can imagine the positive effects that "replicas" with emotions can bring to increasingly "atomized" individuals - the emotional softness that meets bet365 casino bonus needs。But if the emotional development gets out of control，It may affect the performance of "intelligence" that symbolizes the hard core of rationality，It may even breed "evil"，Thus posing a threat to bet365 casino bonus society。

To get out of these difficulties，Perhaps more important than making a clear distinction between bet365 casino bonus and non-bet365 casino bonus，It is the attitude that bet365 casino bonus should adopt when facing emotional beings。Because having emotions means that they also have the ability to feel joy, anger, sorrow and joy，Like animals，Even if we know for sure that animals are not bet365 casino bonus，It does not prevent us from respecting and protecting them。If the "replicant" has enough similarities with bet365 casino bonus, including emotions，Then this is enough to protect them。Go further，If such a "replicant" can be created in the future，Then perhaps bet365 casino bonus should have even more moral concern for them than other creatures。

　　bet365 casino bonus and self

If the issue of humans and non-humans is to think about some kind of order and balance needed in the future from a macro perspective，Then the issue of people and self draws the perspective to every individual。An equally important question as "what makes a person bet365 casino bonus" is，“What makes me me”。In other words，As a universal person，What is the specialness of "I"？What is my private part？

Rationality、Emotion can be regarded as bet365 casino bonus beings and even artificial intelligence in the future、Things that artificial life and other things have in common。These two abilities themselves require a sense of universality and commonality，In order to enable a more complex and intelligent society to function normally。But how to find the individual’s footing in this intersubjective network，Except for the fragmentary confirmation logic of "I think, therefore I am"，We still need to find a continuity of individual existence。Locke said: "It seems to me，The so-called bet365 casino bonus being is a kind of thinking、An intelligent being，This kind of existence is rational、Can reflect，Able to identify yourself at different times and places，Think of yourself as the same thinking thing。"Locke's definition of bet365 casino bonus beings，On the basis of Descartes, it highlights the very key connotation of "identity" in "different times" and "different places"。Fragmentary reflection strengthens the sense of existence，Continuity ensures the consistency of existence，The identity of the individual is confirmed。This is why “identity” means both “sameness” and “identity”。

Then，What provides this continuity and identity？Compared to the inanimate document marking identification in a social archive，Many philosophers and scientists answer is memory。The reasons are as follows: first，Memory is the most private part of everyone，It makes the past "someone's" past，Not just the meaningless passage of time。Secondly，The past became “someone’s”，It means that memory is a "consciousness" activity or "I think" process based on the past，Only "awareness"，Memory is the only way to achieve this。Finally，Memory has content，Thus it can be used as the soil and material library for emotional responses。Emotions, in turn, can further deepen an individual’s self-awareness。Therefore，Does artificial intelligence have self-awareness，And whether it is possible to create emotional artificial intelligence，The key is memory。Just，The memory of artificial intelligence cannot be created out of nothing，Can only be created by bet365 casino bonus，Give them "the past"。

Currently，There have been studies on consciousness testing of artificial intelligence at home and abroad，Some science fiction works also present us with a possible way about the future of artificial intelligence and artificial life。bet365 casino bonus beings will once again think about being bet365 casino bonus in a new context、The fundamental problem of who I am，And prepare for a possible coexistence。So，American science fiction writer Dick (Philip K. Dick，"If an artificial life has self-awareness，Does he have the right to decide his own destiny，Or maybe he is still just a physical puppet arranged by the division of labor in bet365 casino bonus society"，There is an increasingly urgent need to enter the perspective of scientific development and humanistic care。Answer to this question，Philosopher needed、Joint participation of scientists and the public。

　(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 casino bonus, Renmin University of China)