In a very long stage，bet365 sign up offer neutrality is widely accepted。But，bet365 sign up offer is not simply a tool or knowledge method，But it has multiple complex attributes。For example，bet365 sign up offer philosopher Carl Mitcham concluded，bet365 sign up offer has four properties: bet365 sign up offer as an object (artifact)；bet365 sign up offer as knowledge；As an event (production、Invention、bet365 sign up offer used)；bet365 sign up offer as will。These four attributes are intertwined and penetrated，forming the bet365 sign up offer itself。The two basic technical views of technological determinism and social constructionism，Both emphasize the relationship between bet365 sign up offer and society。The penetration and interaction of social factors and technical factors，Make bet365 sign up offer embedded with value。

　　Embedded value is an important attribute of bet365 sign up offer

German philosopher Ernst Kapp’s book "Outline of the Philosophy of bet365 sign up offer"，Considered to have created the discipline of philosophy of bet365 sign up offer。Karp proposed it in the 19th century，bet365 sign up offer is not just a tool，bet365 sign up offer is the projection of human organs，It is the extension and strengthening of the form and function of human body organs。bet365 sign up offer can be seen as a culture with values ​​at its core，Tools and machines are just signs of this culture。

Heidegger summarizes the traditional view of bet365 sign up offer as: 1.bet365 sign up offer is a tool for a purpose；2.bet365 sign up offer is human behavior。The purpose he puts on the tools，It is embedded with value。And Heidegger himself proposed that bet365 sign up offer is an attribute of “tools”，Emphasize that "tools" have the nature of "what they are used for" depending on what they deal with.。This "what to use" setting，Also a presentation of embedded purpose and value。

Marx believes，bet365 sign up offer occupies a primary position in social progress and civilization development，Is the foundation and prerequisite for realizing social management，It is social ideology (religion、Philosophy、Basics of ethics, etc.。Management is the activity of urging others to achieve established goals together with oneself，The purposeful nature of bet365 sign up offer，That is, embedded value。

Marcuse’s point of view is more direct，Considers that the application of bet365 sign up offer is never value-neutral。bet365 sign up offer itself contains special purposes and interests，Will carry value autonomously。And simply pursue the growth of social wealth and technological progress，A one-dimensional society that will lead to “technological slavery”。

　New theories in the context of new technologies

With the focus on the impact of high and new technologies，In recent years, the views of technological moralism and technological relativism have been formed in European and American circles。

Technical moralism believes，No bet365 sign up offer is ethical and moral value-neutral，bet365 sign up offer will always favor or accommodate certain conceptions of the good life at the expense of others。If bet365 sign up offer is not ethically evaluated in an explicit and reflective manner，It is to put bet365 sign up offer at risk of being dominated by commercial power and bad intentions。So，To discuss the value built into bet365 sign up offer，Make it reflect the interests of all parties involved, especially the public。

Technical relativism focuses on how to build in ethics，So what moral values ​​should be built in？What is the rationale for building in these moral values？Dutch ethicist Joroen van den Hoven quoted former British Prime Minister Churchill’s famous saying，"First，We shape houses，Then our homes begin to shape us”，Believes in expressing and embedding values ​​and ethical considerations in bet365 sign up offer，Actions that can shape and influence the user’s future。Ethics pre-built into bet365 sign up offer，Towards the bet365 sign up offer itself in the real world、Policy、Economic impact。

　　The practice of embedded value in bet365 sign up offer

bet365 sign up offer embedded value has been implemented in a series of practices in Europe and the United States，The representative one is “Responsible Research Innovation”，RRI。The direct origin of the concept of “responsible innovation”，EU and US dating back to early 2000。The goal pursued by this concept is，Research and innovation must effectively reflect social needs and social wishes，Reflect social values ​​and responsibilities。After，“Responsible innovation” has been included in the EU’s research and innovation framework program “Horizon 2020”。

"Value-sensitive design" is a new bet365 sign up offer design and development concept centered on social and moral values，Hopefully by building ethical values ​​into bet365 sign up offer in advance，Achieving “Responsible Innovation”。Ethical and moral values ​​built into bet365 sign up offer include: Providing well-being、Justice、Equality、Privacy、Autonomy、Security、Guarantee、Sustainability、Accountability、Democracy、Efficiency and other contents。Achieve this by directly or indirectly setting responsibility goals，Make participants accountable，The responsibilities they bear can be held accountable。Value-sensitive design hopes to invite participants、Accommodate、stimulation、Enhancement、Promote、Achieve social responsibility of bet365 sign up offer in a hint or incentive way。

What is worthy of attention，The bet365 sign up offer-embedded value practice represented by the EU’s “responsible innovation”，Hope to take into account social wealth interests and ethical values，And call it "grabbing both horns of the cow at the same time"。The EU proposed in "Ethics" among the six key areas of "responsible innovation"，Hope to establish basic rights and moral standards based on the common values ​​of European society for scientific research and technological research and development。Improving the social relevance and acceptability of research and innovation results through ethics，Make ethics a guarantee for high-quality output，Instead of being viewed as a constraint on research and innovation。

But，Currently, the EU adopts “value-sensitive design” that builds value into bet365 sign up offer in advance，It didn’t go well in practice。For example，Even within the EU，Also because of the lack of unified European values，There is considerable controversy over the understanding of the ethical value of bet365 sign up offer，We face the following three major difficulties。

The first difficulty，It is a moral overload problem with built-in ethics。"Moral Overload" refers to being morally overloaded with conflicting obligations or conflicting values。For some ethical values，Such as security and privacy、Economic Growth and Sustainability、Safety and security, etc.，People have a certain consensus。But，The ethics and morals of different groups of people are complex，There are often conflicting moral obligations and values。Ethical values ​​should be built into technological innovation，It is necessary to clarify which ethical values ​​should be "built-in"？What are the reasons for taking into account these ethical values ​​built into bet365 sign up offer？Specific case: The Netherlands aims to optimize its energy use structure and reduce carbon dioxide emissions，Planning to install smart meters for homes，Understand the specific situation of household electricity use。But，The humanistic and harmonious value of energy conservation and emission reduction conflicts with the value of personal privacy，Making such technical attempts subject to widespread resistance and failure。

The second difficulty，How to review and judge the built-in ethical values。Out of interests，Some values ​​are obfuscated or inserted covertly into a design or product，Often overly reflects the interests of the designer or client。Such hidden built-in value will significantly affect the lives and future development of people and society as a whole。If you want to assign ethical and moral values ​​to bet365 sign up offer，And shape the space of human action，Then it is necessary to identify the ethical and moral values ​​carried in the design and products。

Currently，In the EU’s “responsible innovation” practice, the main means to review and judge the built-in value of bet365 sign up offer is to introduce “public participation”。Public scrutiny of the value built into bet365 sign up offer，Through the complaint hotline, etc.，Mobilize the masses to provide timely feedback on issues，The developer will screen and deal with it promptly。Its purpose is to enable researchers、Policy Makers、Industry and civil society organizations、Multi-party dialogue among NGOs。Stimulate the multi-faceted supervision capabilities of society through public participation，Discover risk vulnerabilities as early as possible。

However, there are some shortcomings in bet365 sign up offer participation that the bet365 sign up offer lacks necessary technical knowledge。To overcome this defect，Some European scholars have conducted research。For example，Dutch philosopher Sabine Roeser breaks through the definition of subjectivity of emotion by Kant and Hume，Discuss the objectivity of bet365 sign up offer sentiment in reflecting potential risk issues，Hope to use bet365 sign up offer sentiment to provide early warning and review of new technologies。Other paths include: encouraging the bet365 sign up offer to provide their own data (such as health data of diabetic patients after taking medication)，Help timely discover hidden problems in technical design by reflecting technical effects；Design efficient feedback channels for “bet365 sign up offer participation” and other methods。

The third difficulty，is the so-called "Collingridge Dilemma"，That is, "the consequences of bet365 sign up offer are difficult to predict in the early stages of its development，With the development of bet365 sign up offer，When it occupies production and market，When the impact gradually becomes apparent，The negative impacts of bet365 sign up offer are often difficult to control”。The difficulty in dealing with Collingridge’s Dilemma is，The technological world is a world of probability or uncertainty。In the early stages of bet365 sign up offer development，Ensure freedom in research and development，At this time, there is less moral information that can provide inspiration for bet365 sign up offer research and development。In the process of technological development，When moral experience becomes available，Design ethically、The degree of freedom for modification and adjustment is reduced。To this，The countermeasures proposed by Huo Wen are，Inform the public honestly about the consequences of innovation，And accept public input。In bet365 sign up offer research and development, the possible limits of human cognitive abilities must be recognized。When action or choice must be made under uncertainty or ignorance，Be responsible not only for what is known，You must also take responsibility for the consequences of unknown things。

With the continuous development of bet365 sign up offer，bet365 sign up offer’s impact on society continues to increase，In the face of complicated technologies，We must see the aspect of bet365 sign up offer creating social wealth，Also consider the possible negative impacts。To realize the vision of “grabbing the cow by both horns at the same time” that takes into account both the growth of social wealth and the maintenance of ethical values，We need to pay full attention to the embedded value of bet365 sign up offer。In the early stages of bet365 sign up offer development，Same as storage capacity、Speed、Bandwidth、Compliance technical standards and other technical indicators are the same，Fully consider the embedded value。Development ideas centered on ethical values ​​in the early stages，Although not sufficient to fully address the non-obviousness of technical effects，But it can help engineers do better to a certain extent。

(This article is a phased result of the National bet365 sign up offer Science Fund key project "Research on Technological Issues in Modern Society" (16AZX007)

(Author’s affiliation: School of Philosophy, Renmin University of China)