Technology has a pivotal position in the development of human society。Engels pointed out,The use of tools is one of the decisive factor differentiated by people from the animal world,The development of technology begins with the use of tools。Technology has gradually become an important tool for people to recognize the world and transform the world,At the same time, it also brings the shaping of people。In this process,The relationship between people and technology also masters from people based on technical rules、Use technology,Development to people’s life world is trained by technology。
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Technology development,It is a process from discovering natural rules to continuous creation of technical rules。Technical rules are a set of action regulations associated with technology,Standardize people’s technical behavior,Including the invention creation and use of technology。Natural laws contain the possibility of transformation to technical rules,But in real life,This conversion is not casual and unconditional。Conversion of natural rules to technical rules,Reveal the two basic features of the technical rules。The first is the subjective,Natural laws reveal how people should act,Therefore, the technical rules are the specifications of the technical behavior of the person as the subject。The second is the purpose,Technical rules as a specification for action,Action must be associated with the purpose。In this sense,Technical rules are the conditions for how to achieve certain technical goals。Technical rules are the unity of the regularity and the purpose of the combination。
other,The transformation Bet365 lotto review of technical rules to technology is also conditional。Even with technical rules,We may not be able to invent the corresponding technology。In fact,Technical rules are not only the specifications of technical behavior,Also standardized for materiality factors in technical behavior。Technical rules should include material rules and operating rules。Where,Material rules involve selection of material objects、Control, etc.,Can't do without the guidance of natural laws。So,The transformation of natural rules to technical rules is not to be achieved overnight,Instead of running through the development of technology。The development of technology is the transformation and combination of natural rules and technical rules。Natural laws reveal people's understanding of the world,People must know the original appearance of the world,reflects the "scale of things"; technical rules guide people's transformation of the world,This transformation must meet people's life needs,Reflected "human scale"。The development of technology is the unity of "the scale of things" and "human scale"。
From technical rules to technical rules
When the early technology is not complete,,A technology can often achieve multiple functions,Even if I don’t know how to technical rules,I don’t know how to operate technology,People can also use technology。Technical specifications for people,Reflected as the constraints of technical functions,It is also reflected as a kind of rules。They all come from technical rules。Technical rules are formulated by people,Its standardized objects are also people。So,A specification chain is formed under technical rules: Human - Technical - People。规,Technology in turn and regulate people。
In "People -Technology",People are the main body,People's standardized performance of technology is two aspects。One is human invention technology。bet365 Play online games This is the creation of human technology。At the same time,People also put their purpose in the invention and creation of technology,Give technical intent to pointing。Second, people use technology。People use the use of technology,In fact, it is the "sketch" of technology based on their own purpose of the purpose of technology。At this time,The purpose of the person's purpose is the same as the purpose of technology,can also be different。Whether it is human invention technology or use technology,In the final analysis, it is the practical operation of the person as the subject of the technique of the object,Both people's purpose as the fundamental orientation。People occupy the dominant position,The development of technology should be based on the constant satisfaction of people's needs。In "Technology -People",Technology's norms on people are reflected in people's need to meet technical rules before they can achieve their own technical purposes。For example,When operating a machine,We must follow the instructions or the operation guide on the technical manual,Only to operate the machine to achieve its own purpose。The more complicated the modern technology,The corresponding technical rules often become more complicated,The more it highlights the control of the technology。This control can be understood as "rules" in the sense of Foucault。
From the perspective of Foucault,Regulations are a "standardized training",This standardized training is achieved through technology。The technology in Foucault is mainly referring,is "Power Intervention、Training and monitoring flesh technology "。So,Foucault's rules are actually a kind of power training,Technology is a carrier or tool for power training。Technical training is to intervene in the object through standardized means、Training or control。The so -called bet365 live casino games standardized means,Actually it is a series of technical rules。Technical rules are the prerequisite for technical training,Technical training is the result of further development of technical rules。Whether it is the invention and creation of technology,Still the use of technology,All need to follow certain technical rules。The development of technology is accompanied by technical rules to technical regulations。We can't just look at the rules and training from the perspective of power relationship,It is also necessary to review from the perspective of technical and technical rules。
Different rules and rules,It is in the rules of training to point to the object,That is, the rules are always the rules of a certain object (mainly human); the connection between the two,It depends on the rules of a certain object to depend on certain rules,The rules contain the possibility of rules。In technical regulations,Technical rules are applied to objects in a "compulsory force" way,Objects have to act in accordance with the rules,This is why Foucault combines technology and power。Regulations are actually a product of combining power and knowledge。Technical training is also a kind of power rules、knowledge rules。
Technical Regulations:Technology's specifications and shaping of people
Neil Postman (the book of technical monopoly: the surrender of civilization to technology "is divided into three categories,That is the tool for using civilization、Technical rule of civilization and technical monopoly civilization。In the first type of civilization,Technology is mainly used as an intermediary tool,People know the world through technical rules、Transformation World,So as to create world civilization。In the latter two types of civilizations,Technology has moved from tool status to a dominant position or even a monopoly position,Become a kind of control force。Actually,There are Bet365 lotto review technical rules in these three types of civilizations。But in the first type of civilization,The power of technical and regulations is hidden; in the latter two types of civilizations,Technology is directly highlighted through technical training。
Modern society is a technical society,People live in technology,The so -called "life world" has actually become a technical world。The technical world is full of technology to people、For the world itself,Even the shaping and specification of human civilization。Modern society is a society of technical rules,Modern people are also the product of technical training。Once people accept it, use technology in accordance with certain technical rules,will inevitably produce technical rules。Even at some time,Technical training is invisible。Whether it is the various systems of modern society、System、Mechanism,It is still a variety of practices for people to meet the needs of life,Even experiments that know the world、Practice, etc.,In a sense, there are epitome of technical training。
So,Is it good or bad for technical regulations? on the one hand,Technical rules and regulations enable people to use various technologies to achieve their own purposes,Reflected the purpose of the subject。On the other hand,Technical training makes the subjective position of people no longer highlight。Technology is no longer the object of "placing",Instead, people become "placing" objects of technology,The relationship between technology and human be reversed。But at the same time,Regulatory training requires people to act in accordance with technical rules,This is a manifestation of a regularity。Same as technical rules,Technical Training is also a unity of the purpose of the purpose and the regularity,However,This makes it lose this unity,but only manifested as power control。
Technical training, although bet365 Play online games it is a technical specification and shaping of people,But under this condition,The subjectivity of a person is not completely lost。Technical training comes from technical rules,It is essentially neutral,No good or bad division。People create and apply technical rules to recognize and transform the world,At this time, it is based on "human scale"; in the technical rules,,People must meet the technical scale,That is to regulate the behavior of people with "the scale of things"。Transformation Bet365 lotto review of technical rules to technical rules,The conversion of "human scale" to "material scale" is transformed,In fact, it is a unified of two standards。The technical rules itself is the manifestation of the "scale of things",Just when people create and use technical rules, the "scale of things" is hidden;,To achieve a certain purpose through technical training,"Human scale" is also hidden in it。So,Understand technical rules on the basis of the two standards。
Due to technical and training with compulsory,It is easy to combine with power to form some kind of power rules,Therefore, we must minimize technical rules as possible,Or try to transform the technical rules to technical rules as much as possible。Methods that should be continuously improved between people and technology,What do we do from technical requirements,When we turn to what we want, we must follow a certain technical rule。
Technical rules and technical rules,It is the necessary conditions and necessary products for human technical survival。Both of them are in the process of dealing with people and technology,But the technical rules emphasize how people use technology,Technical rules emphasizing how technology is trained and shaped。The two highlight the different aspects of the relationship between people and technical,It also highlights the close connection between people and technology,Play an important role in the formation of human civilization。bet365 best casino games We can’t make the two decisions,On the contrary,It is also necessary to further explore how the two are transformed in the direction that is conducive to social development,to be realized with a view to people、Common development of technology and society。
(Author Unit: School of Marxism University of South China University of Technology)
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