Sino-bet365 tennis bet relations are one of the most important international relations in the world today。On the journey to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation，Studying changes in Europe、Learn from bet365 tennis bet experience、Analysis of China-EU relations，It is the responsibility of Chinese scholars。The construction of the bet365 tennis bet studies discipline system should continuously improve the level of professionalism，Continuously improve the ability to use professional subject tools。This is not only a need for the construction of our country’s bet365 tennis bet studies academic system，It is also a prerequisite for the construction of the bet365 tennis bet studies discipline system。

　　Three periods of bet365 tennis bet studies

Over 70 years，Discipline System of Chinese bet365 tennis bet Studies、Continuous progress in academic foundation and major scientific research projects。In terms of subject system，bet365 tennis bet Politics、Economy、Social Policy、EU Law、bet365 tennis bet International Relations、Research in the fields of bet365 tennis bet integration and history has basically become a discipline.。Chinese scholars engaged in bet365 tennis bet studies，Their academic backgrounds are rich and diverse，Can use a variety of research methods to carry out work，In-depth analysis of the internal logic of Europe’s own development and foreign relations，Exercises important social and decision-making influence。

As an important part of my country’s international issues research，After the founding of New China，bet365 tennis bet studies develop simultaneously with the Republic，Can be roughly divided into three periods。

First, from 1949 to 1977，The founding period of bet365 tennis bet studies in New China。In the context of the Cold War，The relationship between China and bet365 tennis bet countries is relatively distant，Chinese scholars’ bet365 tennis bet research mainly focuses on the politics of various countries under the guidance of the “Three Worlds” theory、Introduction and analysis of economic conditions。

The second is from the reform and opening up in 1978 to joining the WTO in 2001，The period of rapid development of bet365 tennis bet studies in New China。May 1981，The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences established the Institute of Western Europe (later renamed the Institute of bet365 tennis bet Studies)，Then founded the magazine "Western bet365 tennis bet Studies"，Become the largest professional bet365 tennis bet research institution in China。"Western bet365 tennis bet Studies" has since been renamed "Europe"，Now called "bet365 tennis bet Studies"，Many of the papers published represent the highest level in the field，Played a role in guiding academic development。This period，Chinese scholars began to conduct multidisciplinary research on bet365 tennis bet countries and the bet365 tennis bet Community、Research in multiple fields，A group of domestically influential academic leaders have emerged。

The third is from 2001 to present，Can be regarded as a prosperous period for bet365 tennis bet studies in New China。In the "China-EU bet365 tennis bet Research Center Project" (ESCP，2005-2008) with the support，20 Chinese universities establish EU research centers，The number of scholars engaged in work related to bet365 tennis bet studies and their results is constantly increasing，Perspectives and methods are increasingly diverse，Basically covers the main fields of bet365 tennis bet studies。

In the process of bet365 tennis bet research and development in China，Chinese scholars are working on research methods、Great efforts have been made in academic discourse and discipline construction。For example，Late 1990s，Chen Lemin emphasized that we should learn from history、Studying Europe from the perspective of civilization，Advocating the establishment of "bet365 tennis bet Studies" in China，Played a great role in bet365 tennis bet studies beyond the study of international issues in a general sense。With the deepening of China’s reform and opening up，Qiu Yuanlun advocates in-depth research on the economic reforms of bet365 tennis bet countries，Looking for lessons learned，This orientation is very important to the development direction of Chinese bet365 tennis bet studies。After the end of World War II，bet365 tennis bet integration has become the most cutting-edge research field in bet365 tennis bet academic circles abroad。In the process of building the academic system of bet365 tennis bet studies in China，It is essential to introduce representative and authoritative results of bet365 tennis bet integration research from foreign academic circles。2004，The "bet365 tennis bet Integration Translation Series" translated and published in China includes five foreign academic works，bet365 tennis bet Union governance separately、Economic integration、bet365 tennis bet Constitutionalism、A systematic introduction to the history of EU diplomacy and integration，Introduced new methods and concepts in bet365 tennis bet integration research。Afterwards，Chinese scholars cooperate with bet365 tennis bet scholars again，Published the "bet365 tennis bet Model" series of books，Gathering the wisdom of Chinese and foreign scholars，On the EU governance model、bet365 tennis bet Economic and Social Model and Reform、In-depth discussions were conducted on issues such as EU legal innovation and bet365 tennis bet identity research，Leading the forefront of bet365 tennis bet research in China。

　　Six major fields are in full bloom

Overall view，my country’s bet365 tennis bet research is relatively mature，And formed an overall situation of full bloom in six major fields。

First, bet365 tennis bet Economic Research。The key topics of China’s bet365 tennis bet economic research involve bet365 tennis bet national economic research、Research on bet365 tennis bet Economic Model、Research on the bet365 tennis bet Debt Crisis、Research on the bet365 tennis bet Union and World Economy、Research on bet365 tennis bet economic integration and different policy fields and mechanisms，Provides a reference for solving the problems faced by China’s reform and development。From a research perspective，Start from the early stage by introducing the progress of bet365 tennis bet economic integration and related theories，Develop to evaluate and grasp from a macro perspective、Discussing the bet365 tennis bet economic integration process and development prospects from a theoretical perspective，This shows that related research is moving to a new level。From the perspective of research methods，From literature review to using a variety of research methods and tools to conduct economic integration research。In some specific research areas，Also uses econometric models and other tools for research and analysis。This research field has shown two major changes in general: the purpose of research has changed from criticism to reference，From mainly introducing national conditions to focusing on theoretical research；Research objects range from country studies to economic integration studies。

The second is bet365 tennis bet political research。In this field of research，In the initial stage, it is mainly about introduction、Mainly compiling relevant information。1975，China and the bet365 tennis bet Community formally established diplomatic relations；1978，China begins to implement the policy of opening up to the outside world，Injecting new impetus into China’s research on bet365 tennis bet politics。With this process，The number of relevant research results is growing rapidly，The coverage area is constantly expanding，Research methods have also begun to achieve breakthroughs。After the 1990s，Especially with the entry into force of the Maastricht Treaty in 1992，And the establishment of the China-EU “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership” in 2003，Europe’s unique political system has attracted widespread attention from Chinese scholars。Research on bet365 tennis bet political governance has surpassed traditional national political research and become a "distinguished science"。In research methods，General tracking from the initial stage、Introduction and evaluation，Develop to comprehensive and in-depth research based on multiple integration theories。After 2008，The EU is caught in various “crises”，Including bet365 tennis bet “de-integration”、Political trends、Party politics and other issues have become an important focus of "crisis research"。Enter the 21st century，Europe is also undergoing a century of changes，The intricate intersection of various forces，Proposing new challenges to bet365 tennis bet political research。Future bet365 tennis bet political research needs to go beyond being oriented towards tracking hot issues，Pay more attention to refining creative theories，Promote interdisciplinarity、Interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary comprehensive research，And pay attention to the rise and fall of various forces within and among bet365 tennis bet powers。

The third is EU legal research。The study of Chinese EU law is slightly later than bet365 tennis bet politics、Economics and other subjects，Started in the 1980s。Early，The translation of the EU Basic Treaties was completed by scholars in non-legal fields。Until the early 1990s，The study of EU law is developing towards discipline and specialization。China’s research on the bet365 tennis bet Community and EU law was originally derived from international law，With the expansion of the laws of various departments, the study of extraterritorial legal systems and the continuous expansion of the field of EU law，China’s EU law research has gradually expanded to various legal departments and emerging fields。Many achievements in China’s EU law research have outstanding disciplinary perspectives of international law and comparative law in terms of topic selection and methodology，And show a foothold in China、Awareness and preference for solving China’s concerns。Vigorous development through more than 40 years of reform and opening up，China’s EU law research has formed a relatively mature disciplinary system，Develop into an academic community of a certain scale。China’s EU law research has several characteristics: rich research results，Keep pace with foreign scholars in important fields；Diversified research methods，Comparative research and case study methods are widely used；Basically reflects the dynamic development of EU law；Good results have been achieved in both theoretical and practical research。Future，Research in this field needs to be more original、Depth and problem awareness for building a socialist country under the rule of law with Chinese characteristics in the new era，Contribute wisdom to promote China’s practice of international law and the stable development of China-EU relations。

The fourth is bet365 tennis bet social and cultural research。This field is a multi-disciplinary field with extensive participation，The theoretical perspective and research methods involve philosophy、History、Sociology、Ethnology、Many disciplines including anthropology and cultural studies。Mid-to-late 1980s，bet365 tennis bet social and cultural studies have gradually grown into an important field for Chinese academic circles to study Europe。1986，The Institute of Western Europe, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences establishes the Social and Cultural Research Office，Focus on exploring research perspectives in this field。Scholars in the research laboratory have conducted in-depth research on issues related to "bet365 tennis bet Civilization"，Continuing research on the bet365 tennis bet welfare state system，Provided academic support in the process of establishing and improving the social security system in China。1990s，With the acceleration of the bet365 tennis bet integration process，Chinese academic circles have begun to pay more attention to issues such as social and cultural policies and bet365 tennis bet identity at the EU level。Since the 21st century，The bet365 tennis bet social model has gradually become an important perspective that academic circles pay attention to，Chinese scholars have formed reciprocal exchanges with bet365 tennis bet scholars in this field。At the same time，Research on bet365 tennis bet social governance also extensively involves labor market reforms、Immigration and ethnic issues、Social Policy、Public Services、Social organization、Nation-state and other levels，And produced a number of influential academic results。

The fifth is the study of Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet subregions。The 1950s was a period of dissemination of domestic knowledge about Eastern Europe。Mid 1960s，Domestic universities and government departments have established some Soviet and Eastern bet365 tennis bet research institutions。With the increasing domestic interest in Eastern bet365 tennis bet reform experience after the reform and opening up，Eastern bet365 tennis bet studies ushered in a period of great development in the 1980s。After the end of the Cold War，Eastern Europe as a geopolitical concept has lost its meaning，More and more Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet countries are joining the EU，Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet studies increasingly have the attributes of bet365 tennis bet studies。Affected by bet365 tennis bet integration，Some research institutions have made internal adjustments to the departments of Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet Studies，Incorporate the Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet Research Unit into the bet365 tennis bet Research Organization。In the past 10 years，Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet research mainly focuses on the transformation of Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet countries、Study on EU’s Eastward Enlargement、Research on the impact of financial crisis and bet365 tennis bet debt crisis、Research on "China-Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet Countries Cooperation" and other issues。

Sixth, bet365 tennis bet International Relations Research。bet365 tennis bet International Relations is a discipline that studies relations between bet365 tennis bet countries and their external relations，Including bet365 tennis bet Union、Foreign policy and external relations of its member states and other bet365 tennis bet countries，Also includes the diplomatic relations between countries within the bet365 tennis bet region。With the development of New China for more than 70 years，China’s bet365 tennis bet international relations research has also experienced from scratch、Narrow to wide、From closed to open、The journey from low profile to prosperity。Faced with such a research object that covers a wide range of topics，Chinese bet365 tennis bet international relations scholars gradually shift from a single study of international politics and international relations history，Extended to safe、Idea、Trade and Finance、Climate change and many other fields，Theoretical nature of academic achievements、The systematicness, professionalism, and scientific nature of research methods have been significantly improved。

In addition，Domestic scholars attach great importance to studying Europe from the perspectives of bet365 tennis bet history/the historical evolution of bet365 tennis bet integration。For example，Scholars believe，International Issues Research，Especially the study of bet365 tennis bet issues，In the final analysis, it is a highly comprehensive synthesis of contemporary history from various disciplines；Study the EU economy，Not only economics methodology is needed，It is also necessary to study the historical context of the EU’s economic development。And so on，Studying bet365 tennis bet Politics、Society、Law、Culture、International Relations，Both require history and mutual verification between various disciplines。

　　In-depth and active bet365 tennis bet on China-EU relations

China and Europe are two completely different international actors，Represents two important civilizations in the world，Also interdependent partners。Due to the collective nature and complexity of the concept of "Europe"，Covers traditional nation-states and non-traditional supranational actors，The complexity bet365 tennis bet far exceeds that of other bilateral relations。

The study of China-EU relations must first clarify the development process of China-EU relations。Cold War Period，The foreign policy of “fighting for the middle ground” paves the way for China to further develop its diplomacy with Western Europe。1964，China and France establish formal diplomatic relations。Early 1970s，With the "ice breaking" of Sino-US relations，Many Western bet365 tennis bet countries that have long followed the US foreign policy layout are seeking to improve their relations with China，Italy、Austria、Belgium、Federal Germany、Spain and other countries have successively established diplomatic relations with China，The long-term chargé d’affaires relationship between China and the United Kingdom and the Netherlands has been upgraded to ambassadorial level diplomatic relations。1975，China established formal diplomatic relations with the bet365 tennis bet Economic Community (later changed to "EU")。Afterwards，China, Portugal and Ireland have also begun to contact each other to establish diplomatic relations，And finally signed the document establishing diplomatic relations in 1979。To this point，China’s diplomatic layout for opening up to Europe has been basically completed。Afterwards，The development of China-EU relations is both in terms of speed and breadth，It is still unprecedented in terms of depth and intensity。

A major feature of China-EU relations is，Both parties continue to develop on the basis of finding consensus。China and Europe reached a strategic consensus at the beginning of the establishment of diplomatic relations，Laid the foundation for the overall improvement of China-EU relations。July 1995，The bet365 tennis bet Commission issued its first strategic document on China, "Long-term Policy for EU-China Relations"，Defining EU-China relations from a strategic perspective，Formed a complete set of China policies。October 2003，The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs released the first "China's Policy Document on the bet365 tennis bet Union"，Publicly elaborated on the Chinese government’s judgment on the development prospects of bet365 tennis bet integration and the EU’s important role in regional and international affairs，Positively commented on the development of China-EU relations，Pointed out that “China and Europe have far more common ground than differences”，“China is committed to building a long-term and stable comprehensive partnership between China and Europe”。March 2014，President Xi Jinping emphasized during his visit to the EU headquarters，View China-EU relations from a strategic perspective，Combining the two major forces of China and Europe、Two major markets、The combination of two major civilizations，Jointly build peace between China and Europe、Growth、Reform、Four major partnerships of civilization，Injecting new impetus into China-EU cooperation，Make greater contributions to world development and prosperity。China-EU relations have since begun a major transformation，Develop in depth。China and the EU issued the "Joint Statement on Deepening the Mutually Beneficial and Win-Win China-EU Comprehensive Strategic Partnership"，Committed to jointly developing mutually beneficial innovative partnerships，Building an open economy，Promote global trade liberalization and mutual open investment。Back in November 2013，China and Europe align their respective development strategies，Adopted the "China-Europe Cooperation 2020 Strategic Plan"，Determined a series of specific cooperation areas and cooperation goals。In addition，At a time of multiple crises in Europe，China has always stood on the principled position of supporting bet365 tennis bet integration，Said many times that we will tide over the difficulties together with Europe。

In addition to cooperation at the EU level，Bilateral relations between China and bet365 tennis bet countries have also continued to advance。China and France jointly formulated the "Medium and Long-term Plan for Sino-French Relations" to promote investment development，and Italy formulated the "China-Italy Three-Year Action Plan on Strengthening Economic Cooperation"；Issued the "Sino-British Joint Declaration" with the United Kingdom，Agreement to strengthen partnership；Signed the "Sino-German Cooperation Action Plan" with Germany，Developed a roadmap for cooperation between the two countries；Adopted the "Belgrade Outline for Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet Countries" with Central and Eastern bet365 tennis bet Countries，Proposed to promote connectivity and cooperation，And actively promote the "16+1 cooperation mechanism" established in 2012 to develop into pragmatic fields。At present, the "16+1 cooperation mechanism" has developed to "17+1"。The EU and China are aligning pragmatic cooperation methods in jointly building the “Belt and Road”。

China and Europe maintain peace at the United Nations、International Counter-Terrorism、Implementing the Paris Agreement、Promoting multilateralism cooperation in multiple areas of global governance including third-party cooperation in Africa。Especially during the prevention and control of the new coronavirus epidemic，China and the EU have respectively provided moral and practical support to international multilateral mechanisms represented by WHO。In the multi-layered and diverse fields of China-EU relations mentioned above，Chinese scholars have carried out in-depth and active bet365 tennis bet，Work hard to enhance the understanding and understanding between the people of China and Europe。

　　bet365 tennis bet and Europe facing the future

bet365 tennis bet and Europe have common or similar goals，Rudu maintains world peace、Advocating globalization and multilateralism，But there are also differences between bet365 tennis bet and Europe in the ways to achieve their goals。For example，The EU’s approach to connecting the Eurasian continent mainly relies on “soft” institutional construction，That is, designing a multi-layer docking mechanism，Spread the “EU model”，Achieve multiple cooperation。The main method proposed by bet365 tennis bet’s “One Belt, One Road” initiative is the “Five Connects”，It is a construction that combines three-dimensional and virtual reality，That is, through policy coordination among participating parties，Establish a mechanism of mutual trust and cooperation；Through bet365 tennis bet Unicom Infrastructure，Promote the flow of goods and people；By creating various trade facilitation measures，Promote trade growth；Through financing，Helping the economic development of various countries；Through personnel exchange，Enhance mutual understanding and friendship between people and promote cooperation。

The main paths of Europe’s post-war foreign relations are “normative” and “spillover”，That is, trying to influence the outside world in a bet365 tennis bet way in foreign exchanges，Achieve your goals step by step。In addition, Europe is affected by various internal contradictions，Already looking forward to China’s initiative，Afraid of risks。With the development of China，Some bet365 tennis bet countries see opportunities brought by China’s growing strength，Positively respond to China’s cooperation initiative；Some other countries believe that the intensity and pressure of “spillover” should be increased，Europe’s influence also began to change from soft to hard。

At the beginning of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the bet365 tennis bet Community and its member states，China and Europe take peaceful development as their main goal，Beyond ideological and social system differences，Achieved mutual learning、China-EU relations that can be learned from and promoted。The disintegration of the two hegemony pattern after the Cold War，The status and weight of China and Europe on the international stage have increased，But both sides support multipolarity、Multilateralism、The basic propositions of multiculturalism and democratization of international relations and shared decision-making have not changed。Today’s world，International ups and downs、International pattern Oita Yamato、International forces wax and wane。With the United States’ “withdrawal” and the decline of its international influence，The influence of China and Europe has further increased。China is known for its quantitative growth，Europe, on the other hand, relies on its historical accumulation and economic strength to try to play a decisive leading role in the evolution of the future world pattern。China and Europe must make a difference on the stage of great changes in the world，Still need to put aside differences、Tolerate differences、Strengthen cooperation。Although China and Europe have different understandings of the connotation of "a community with a shared future for mankind"，But in "Sharing Together、Sharing these basic goals together can achieve agreement。Human history has proven it countless times，Only cooperation can achieve win-win results。No matter what the differences are between China and Europe，Cooperation is the prerequisite for each improvement and progress。

　(The author is the director of the Department of International Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Former Director of the bet365 tennis bet Institute)