Xixia Art is the Song of the 11-14 century Song、Liao、Gold、Summer and Hui、A beautiful landscape in the relationship between the multicultural network of the multi -ethnic art of Tibet，It is an important content of the history of Chinese diversified art during this period。Comprehensive announcement of the painting artwork of Blackwater City in the early 20th century and the murals of Xixia Cave murals in the Dunhuang Grottoes in the 1980s，Opened a new window for Xixia Xue，At the same time, it also opened a new chapter in the research of Xixia art history。

Observe the content of the murals and artistic styles of the Chinese West Caves of the Dunhuang Grottoes in the Gonghuang Grottoes，You can see that Xixia art under the influence of diverse culture has a traditional and conservative side，There is also a strong mark of innovation and change，Pursuing the art tension under the leadership of Buddhist belief between changing and unchanged，Four characteristics of the times。

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Mogao Grottoes in Shazhou，To the Xixia period，Repair、Re -painting early cave is the main construction method，The content of the content and artistic style of the cave mural，It is obviously influenced Bet365 lotto review by the traditional Cao Return and Returning Army and the artistic influence of the Saudi Hui，The work is based on the simplicity of the pure land of various pictures。Mogao Grottoes Xixia Traditional Pure Land Change Classic changes in the overall change trend is，Complicated structure of the Tang Dynasty Song of the Five Dynasties、Rich in the plot、There is a architectural architecture、The transformation of the background of the background of the landscape environment is greatly transformed，Turning up to simplify，Dipping and drawing an environment that has been used as an important content in the picture in the previous transformer、Background、Assistable、Playing、Descriptive content，Only the manifestation of the bodhisattva of the bodhisattva that is only parallel to the right and left, left and right,。These paintings are concerned from art aesthetics，Poor ornamental，The theme of painting language is not prominent，Buddhism's infection is not as good as before，The imagination of the picture becomes more generalized，More is just expressing and rendering a specific religious space with a more symbolic and symbolic Buddha combination.。The complex historical sense refracted by the construction of the cave is also greatly reduced，Only with simple pictures emphasize the bet365 best casino games merit of merit，Or you can understand the murals in the cave as the existence of the etiquette practice object that is only a specific space。Such a pure land -style transformer name is not specific，The characteristics of the Lord's respect are unknown，There is no specific iconic image element in the picture in the picture，The artistic style is the continuation of the late style of the Return Army，Traditional nature is obvious。

　　Active changes in Xixia Art

The phenomenon that is completely different from the art of Xixia murals in Mogao Grottoes is，In Yulin Cave in Guazhou、Dongqian Buddha Cave，The same cave often appears at the same time.、Liao、artistic pictures influenced by gold and Tibetan paintings，belongs to the new artistic style and subject style，There is no style and style of the Tang and Song dynasties at all，The content of the subject matter is also brand new，The change is extremely obvious，Belongs of the new style under the influence of Xixia Buddhism and its artistic reform thought。

Observe this kind of cave mural，From the performance of its subject matter content and artistic style characteristics，Although quite complicated，But there are still traces to follow，Tracking traceability，can be divided into the following categories。

1. Tibetan Mandida murals，The most concentrated cave is Cave 465，Also in the 3rd Cave of Yulin bet365 Play online games Cave、Cave 4，East Qianfo Cave Cave 2、Cave 6、Cave 7，Five temples 1 Cave 1 has related theme pictures。

2. Crystals with obvious Tibetan painting style and characteristics，Especially the saying of the background is a picture of the rock、Scripture changes，Representative Ruchian Buddha Cave Cave 2、Cave 7 East and West West Wall，The 4th Cave of Yulin Cave The Story of the Mandarin Mandarin Demon Demon and Lingbi Mountain Prajna Image。

3. It belongs to the newly introduced in the Song and Liao and Jin period，and widely popular、The theme murals with a strong Indian Polo art style，Ru Dong Qian Buddha Cave 5、Five Temples, Cave 1 Eight Tower Change，and the Statue of Shibao Du Mother in the 2nd Cave of Dongqian Buddha Cave、Guanyin's picture of saving eight difficulties。

4. The theme murals with obvious themes of the ink and landscape style of the Central Plains of the Central Plains，Represents Ru Yulin Cave Cave 3、Cave 4 of Wenshu and Puxian Change。

5. The Pure Land Scriptures affected by Song Jin's architectural paintings，Representatives of the two shops in the 3rd cave of Yulin Cave、East and West Pure Land Change of Cave 29, Yulin Cave、East Qianfo Cave, Cave 7, Two Shop Views Infinite Life Classic，There are also Wenshu Mountain Grottoes Wanfo Cave Maitreya Mi -Scriptures。

6. Water Yue Guanyin statue influenced by the image of the Tang and Song dynasties of the Bet365 lotto review Central Plains、Nirvana Change。

7. Song、Gold、The murals influenced by Xixia printing theme，Representative is the picture of the 2nd Cave of Yulin Cave.，There are also pictures that appeared at the back room Guanyin, Cave 464, Mogao Grottoes。

8. Works affected by Xixia's own art，Represents the national teacher who has the popularity of this period、Master、Gao Seng statue。

9. In some space screens of cave murals，Floral patterns、Dragon and Phoenix pattern and Buddha、Bodhisattva、Scriptures and paintings appear in staggered，9. In some space screens of cave murals，It is also a new feature of the mural background treatment that appeared in the Xixia period。

10. Turtle -type central pillar type appears in the Dongqian Buddha cave type，Nirvana changes in the rear，In fact, the result of the influence of the picture book introduced by Gao Chang's back。

above，We see the extremely complex presentation method of Xixia art。The reason why there will be so different artistic patterns and expression methods in the same period，The core reason is the cross -cultural area of ​​Guisha area、Cross -region、Diverse merits of the main network group and Xixia Multi -Cultural Network Relations。Mogao Grottoes and five temples in Shazhou、Changma Grottoes in Yumen，It is mainly a meritorious master based on traditional families and back people，They hold bet365 best casino games the concept of old -fashioned，I am more willing to choose the traditional theme and artistic style to express the traditional Buddhist beliefs in the heart。

Guazhou is the western ruling center in the western Xixia regime，There are more party members and merits in the region，As the ruler and the official representative，Strong innovative ideas，Keep as consistent with the Xingqing Prefecture area as much as possible with the Political and Cultural Center。They are more willing to choose from Liao、Gold and Central Plains、Diversity of Tibet's diversified networks and artistic themes and styles popular in cross -region，To highlight Xixia's own cultural characteristics and Buddhist beliefs，This point has more similarity with Heishui City。

　(This article is the major bidding project of the National Social Science Foundation "Research on the Dunhuang Xixia Grottoes" (16zda116) phased results)

(Author Unit: Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University)