[Academic China · Philosophy] Guo Zhan: History of history and practice
October 18, 2021 08:51 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences" October 18, 2021 Total 2267 Author: Guo Zhan

  

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The Chinese nation is rich in historical experience、The nation of historical perception and historical thinking。Chinese culture has been observed for thousands of years of the Chinese nation for thousands of years of their historical environment、Thinking and narrative。The thinking of history penetrates the history of thinking,It is philosophy at the height of reflection。In the long historical process of China,Thinking of history,Including philosophical thinking has never interrupted。And the real people not only experienced the history of feelings and thinking,The history of real practice,that is, the history created by generations of historical subjects created in a practical way。While the development of historical practice,Historical thinking is also changing。100 years since the establishment of the Communist Party of China,Neither continuing traditional historical thinking,Not copying Western historical thinking,Instead, under the guidance of the historical thinking of Marxism in China,Organize the people to change the world with revolutionary practice、Create history。This is the most glorious chapter in the history of the Chinese nation and human civilization。

Engels said,"Hegel's way of thinking is different from all other philosophers,is that his way of thinking has a huge historical foundation。Form, although so abstract and idealistic,His ideological development is always parallel to Bet365 lotto review the development of world history ","He is the first to prove that there is a development in history、There is a person with an inner contact "。But the history in Hegel's mind is essentially the evolution of absolute concept。Marx、Engels founded the historical view of materialism in the process of criticizing Hegel's philosophy。But the history in Hegel's mind is essentially the evolution of absolute concept,It is not looking for some category in each era,but always standing on the basis of real history,Not explaining practice from the concept,Instead of explaining various conceptual forms from material practice "。Every stage of history will encounter certain material results、Summary of productivity,A relationship between people and the historical land between nature and individuals,All encountered a large number of productive forces passed to the latter generation in the previous generation、Resource and environment。People of history are real people,Always participate in historical activities under certain historical conditions,Create your own history in the actual activity。

Chinese Communists accept and persist in the historical view of materialism,is a kind of "practical materialism"。This historical view shows that people create an environment,Similarly,The environment also creates people。Historical materialism is not negative、Passive materialism of the environment passively,but positive、Materialism of the environment that can change the environment; not mechanical、Materialism of metaphysics,but Bet365 app download the revolution's、Creative dialectical materialism。Under such historical thinking guidance,We strive to be in practice,is through the revolution's、Creative practice,Make your "existence" coordinate with your "essence"。For a century,What China goes is such a revolution、Construction and Reform,Get rid of the dilemma of the nation、The development path of realizing national rejuvenation。

People in society are essentially the existence of the community。"Only in the community,Individual can obtain a means of comprehensive development of its talents,That is to say,Only in the community can there be personal freedom。"Many of the previous communities were" false communities "or" unreal community "。Chinese Communist Party united and leads the Chinese people,Make Chinese society、The Chinese nation becomes a real community,Make personal、Group、The nation gains its own freedom through the joint struggle in the United Nations。This combination of publicity of the society,For personal、Group、The free development of the nation creates conditions。For social development,Development of productivity and communication,In the final analysis, it is decisive。Practice of China's reform and opening up,Fundamentally solved the problem of obstacles of productivity and communication development,Drive the economy、Politics、Society、Technology、Cultural and other comprehensive progress。

Based on the development of the community of various nations,Marx、The ideal society of Engels's idea and struggle for it,It is a communist society with full publicity of publicity。The development of human society makes the real human destiny community an inevitable trend of the future of the world。So,How to realize the world status of the Chinese people and the people of the world? We cannot fall into the imagination bet365 live casino games of "utopia",and must be based on realistic historical practice,Persist in historical thinking that conforms to historical reality and its regularity。In Marx、In the historical thinking of Engels,History is the development process of human society。In the final sense of the final,Productivity Decisive Production Relations,Economic foundation determines the upper building,Society determines social consciousness,The practice of the people determines the development process of social history。Every generation is based on the results of the previous generation's practical results,Innovative,Promoting。The development of history is the result of the basic elements of various social and basic contradictions,Various force interaction in the historical movement,Form a certain "historical joint force",Standards the basic direction and road of historical movement。People who practice are the main body of historical activities。Human practical conditions and mental state,Including human consciousness、Energy and creativity,and the organizational nature of human beings、Coordination and integrity,Restriction of people's practical status and practical results。

Since modern times,Especially since the Industrial Revolution,Capitalist production relations and development of commodity economy,greatly promoted the development of modern society。Ethnic countries have been formed and moved towards independence,Economy between nation -state、The universal exchanges of society and culture are increasingly expanded,opened the world historical era of "globalization"。Various nations due to the original historical foundation、Reality status、Bet365 app download Organization method、Different leadership core and leading thoughts,Can integrate reality in different forms in different forms and play its role,caused a variety of different historical results。Various nations today,Not a racing car on the same road,but traveling on different roads。Different car conditions and road conditions,Different speed and state of their respective speeds。According to the historical view of Marxist materialism,The development status of a nation -state,There are roughly the following seven situations: (1) Slowly advance、Overall stable state; (2) Quickly advance、Long -term strong state; (3) Wandering、tend to stagnate; (4) Reform and innovation、tend to stagnate; (4) Reform and innovation、Stepping into the decline; (6) Internal and external trapped、Local disintegration status; (7) Reconstruction of the country、Status Status。What should be pointed out is,Some kinds of associations or order may be existing between these developments,but not irreversible。The road and development status of various nations in various nations in the world,All worthy of in -depth research。

Engels said,"History is often jumping and tortuous advancement"。Since modern times,Chinese history has gone through twists and turns,Now experiencing jump development。China has only completed the road for hundreds of years in Western countries for hundreds of years.,Now becoming the second largest economy in the world。This jump -type development,Win valuable time for the revival of the Chinese nation。As Marx said: "Time is the space for human development。"But you should also see it clearly,jump -type development of a big country,It will inevitably cause structural Bet365 lotto review contradictions and problems in two aspects in both inside and outside: the imbalance of the development of different areas and departments within the country,Bring the problem of "calcium deficiency" in rapid development; the relationship between external powers may encounter the so -called "Xiu Xidide trap"。

Looking forward to the future,China is experiencing rapid advancement、Long -term strong state,There are two possible states afterwards: one,Back to slow forward、Overall stable state; two,Enter Wandering、Standard state。And the United States is hovering before、After the state of stagnation is stagnant,There are also two possible states: one,Stepping to reform and innovation,Continue development status;,Enter the gradual retreat、Step into the state of decline。Since China is a post -developed country,In the future, I will also encounter the choice facing the United States in the future。but,Chinese -style modern road is the reform and innovation of the old modern road,It is centered on the people、More open tolerance、More public,Represents the future development path of the world。Public advantages of China's national system and social governance,will be converted into economy、Technology、Fundamental advantages in social and cultural development。

In front of the predicament,Western countries can take the road of reform and innovation,To a certain extent, solve the problems facing now。But under the framework of the capitalist system,It is difficult to surpass the "bottleneck" of the system of private ownership and capital civilization in capitalist private ownership and capital civilization。Many people of insight in Western countries are becoming more and more realized,bet365 Play online games Human society must continue to improve its own public level,Otherwise, it will stagnate or confuse。China succeeds,It is because China follows the socialist modernization of the West,It is surpassing the West on the basis of learning the West。This is the historical trend of the two worlds of the East and West.。The Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese people adhere to the historical thinking and practical thinking of Marxist Chinese,It will create the second century glory。

Editor in charge: Chen Jing
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