Since Leach’s politeness principle and Brown and Levinson’s politeness strategy theory were introduced to Japan，Research on politeness phenomena in communicative speech acts continues in Japan，And the angle is multi-dimensional，Prosperous results。When related theories first spread to Japan，Many Japanese scholars simply equate polite language with honorific expression，Even the politeness principle is translated as "respect principle"，So many misunderstandings。So Mr. Ikuta thinks，“Politeness” should not simply be equated with honorific expression，The "polite" behavior in Japanese language should be called "consideration performance"。"Consideration performance" refers to the purpose of both parties in communicating to maintain good interpersonal relationships、Consider the relationship and positions of both parties、Consider the other person’s mood、Language expression implemented by understanding the other party’s feelings。But about the exact Chinese translation of the Japanese term "performance"，There is no final conclusion in domestic academic circles，Relatively recognized translations include "decent expression" and "considerate expression", etc.。The author thinks that the translation of "bet365 champions league" is more appropriate，So this article adopts "bet365 champions league"。

　　Diverse perspectives in research on bet365 champions league

Scholars from China and Japan have conducted relevant research on bet365 champions league from different angles。These research perspectives can be summarized into the following aspects。

First, analyze the prepositioned statements from a grammatical perspective、Appropriate expressions such as mood at the end of sentences and adverbs，And try to establish a basic data corpus of decent expressions。Machiyo Moriya defines the basic elements bet365 champions league from a grammatical perspective。Peng Fei explores the functions and characteristics of Japanese appropriate expression from the perspective of sentence structure and comparison between Chinese and Japanese。Masaki Yamaoka and others based on common examples of misuse，Request discussed、Common phrases for appropriate expression in apologies and other occasions, as well as practical applications related to adverbs。As the research deepens，2015，Yamaoka Masaki further updated the definition bet365 champions league，He believes that taking into account the other person’s mood、The idiomatic expression of understanding the other party’s feelings is “appropriate expression”。When people use appropriate expressions，Will often use some idiomatic expressions。Similar statements、Adverbs should be included in the basic data corpus of decent expressions。

The second is from the perspective of pragmatics，Direct use of politeness strategy theory、Discourse politeness theory and other theories examine the use of appropriate expressions in different situations。Scholars who use this method to conduct research on bet365 champions league believe that，Polite language in Western theory can be equated to decent expressions in Japanese。Zhao Huamin believes that research on “politeness” should focus on the effect of speaking，Don’t stick to language form，And define "polite" as established、Maintaining harmonious interpersonal relationships，Perform appropriate speech behavior according to the context，And pointed out that the focus of Japanese academic research on "politeness" has shifted to how to establish harmonious interpersonal relationships。Usami Maami believes that we should pay attention to the substantive effect of speaking whether it can make the other party feel happy。She emphasized that it should not be limited to a single sentence，bet365 champions league should be examined from a complete discourse level，Thus dynamic、Comprehensive analysis。At the same time，She also created the discourse politeness theory based on the politeness strategy theory，And proposed the "basic state" (the typical mode of overall discourse development)、Concepts such as "regular switching" (respectful Chinese and simplified Chinese appear alternately)。Wu Yuxin compared the appropriate expressions between China and Japan from the perspectives of politeness strategies and discourse politeness theory，Revealing the commonalities and characteristics between the two languages ​​by analyzing natural conversation corpora。

The third is from sociolinguistics、Historical Linguistics、Analysis from cultural and linguistic perspectives、Definition bet365 champions league，And conducted many useful explorations。Noda Hisashi and others discovered during research，Appropriate expressions in Japanese have already taken shape as early as the Heian period，And carefully sorted out and analyzed the historical changes of the meaning and usage bet365 champions league。According to the 2006 field investigation report "Appropriateness" in Speech Acts by the National Institute of Japanese Language and Literature，Modern Japanese has various forms bet365 champions league、Rich content，And there are significant regional differences、Age difference、Gender difference。Miyake Kazuko through conversation analysis，Explores how people respond to different interpersonal relationships、Use appropriate expressions appropriately for the occasion，And carefully examines the similarities and differences between the use of electronic media such as mobile phones in modern society and the appropriate expression of face-to-face speaking。

The fourth is cross-cultural understanding bet365 champions league of Japanese and Japanese language education for foreign learners。In the process of Japanese language teaching in the past，Teachers and learners tend to pay more attention to grammar、Vocabulary and other grammatical knowledge，Ignored the introduction of concepts related to decent expression in Japanese，So that even if the learner has a good grasp of grammar knowledge，But it is difficult to speak appropriately in actual verbal communication，Communicate effectively。Therefore，Appropriate expression is increasingly valued by the Japanese education community。Himeno Banko and others serve as Japanese teachers for international students，When communicating with foreign Japanese learners, miscommunication often occurs due to improper use of appropriate expressions、Displeased mood。So，She is based on Leach's "Principle of Politeness"，From "Benefits、Burden、Favor、Trouble", "decision-making power and will", "private sphere" and "self-positioning" summarize the respectful conversation、Basic principles bet365 champions league，I hope foreign Japanese language learners can learn and master these principles，Avoid entering the "minefield"。Fujiwara Ansa and others integrated the above basic principles，Proposed three principles bet365 champions league，That is, "Avoid intruding on the other party's private domain", "Avoid putting yourself in the same position as the listener", "You must express your own benefits and burdens on the other party，Avoid mentioning your own burdens and the other party’s benefits”，And by analyzing common misuse examples，Further strengthen the appropriate use of decent expressions。Machiyo Moriya thinks，Some contents and example sentences in Chinese Japanese textbooks have problems in explaining that the grammar is correct but does not comply with the principle bet365 champions league。Zheng Rongai is centered on the adverbs "けど" and "ちょっと"，Discovered through investigation of Japanese textbooks used by foreign students，The grammatical explanations and sentence patterns of both are insufficient from the perspective bet365 champions league。Wu Yuxin used discourse politeness theory to define the "basic state" of request behavior in Chinese and Japanese。He thinks，Inability to correctly grasp the basic states is the biggest problem for Japanese learners，And the politeness strategies most commonly used by Chinese students are avoided by Japanese native speakers。Therefore，He proposed to introduce concepts such as politeness strategy theory and basic states into Japanese teaching。

　Overview of Japanese Linguistics bet365 champions league

In summary，There are rich research perspectives on bet365 champions league，Remarkable achievements。A research perspective expressed appropriately through summary，We can have a preliminary understanding of the development of Japanese linguistics research。

First，Empirical investigation research endures for a long time。Japanese linguistics has always focused on empirical investigation and research，Japanese scholars tend to use real corpus，Through on-site inspection、Questionnaire Survey、Face-to-face interviews to conduct research，Now we also use corpus and other tools，Further exploration for more scientific and reasonable answers。Second，The emergence of new technologies provides new methods。The development of science and technology is changing with each passing day，Big data、Database、Corpus and other concepts are increasingly attracting the attention of scholars。The relationship between the study bet365 champions league and the corpus is getting closer，The corpus provides strong support for the study of Japanese appropriate expression。As a basic work, the research and construction bet365 champions league corpus has naturally become one of the key topics of concern to Japanese language researchers。Third，Theoretical research has been strengthened and innovated。No longer blindly follow Western theories，But solidly、Collect information comprehensively and meticulously、Investigation and Analysis。Some scholars based on Western theories，Created the theory of discourse politeness and applied it widely。At the same time，There are also many scholars who directly make use of Japan’s world-leading sociolinguistics、Cultural Linguistics、Dialectology and other theories，Multiple angles、Research on appropriate expression across fields。Fourth，Application value highlighted。Researchers not only focus on language itself，And began to apply research results to the training of Japanese language talents，Strive to improve the application value of research。Fifth，Research horizons continue to expand。The research content gradually changes from traditional ontology research to comparative research、Expansion in cross-cultural exchanges and other directions。The trend of mutual penetration in research fields is becoming increasingly obvious。Besides pragmatics、Cultural Anthropology、Intercultural Communication，Dialectology、Psychology、Contrastive Linguistics、Semiotics、Many fields such as corpus linguistics are also further integrated and involved。Sixth，Data analysis is more objective and effective。Reasonably introduce statistical methods，More objective、Analyze data effectively，Data analysis is becoming more and more scientific and standardized。Research conclusions are also more reliable，More convincing。

The author thinks，Future related research on bet365 champions league still needs to make greater efforts in the following three aspects。

First，Strengthen theoretical support。Further improve the theoretical nature of the bet365 champions league，Strengthen the summary of language rules，Avoid scratching the surface。Second，Closely follow academic frontiers。Keep up with the latest developments in linguistics bet365 champions league，Make full use of bet365 champions league results in other languages，Expand bet365 champions league horizons，Enrich bet365 champions league methods。Third，Improve the application value of bet365 champions league results。bet365 champions league should be devoted to solving practical problems，Zi Zhi Qi Min，If applied to the national language policy level，Improve learners’ cultural literacy and cross-cultural communication skills。

　　(This article is a phased result of the General Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research in Jiangsu Universities “Research on the Impact of Introducing Differences in Japanese Textbooks ‘bet365 champions league’ on Japanese Acquisition” (2020SJA1350))

(Author’s Affiliation: School of Liberal Arts, Soochow University、School of bet365 champions league Languages)