"bet365 best casino games"，Chinese translation as "bet365 best casino games"，From ancient Greek meaning "womb"。From its etymology，It is a disease suffered by women。In history，bet365 best casino games has indeed long been regarded as a female disease，The symptoms are diverse，includes twitching、Body paralysis、Loss of sensation、Throat obstruction and excessive emotional expression, etc.。The ancients once attributed the cause of bet365 best casino games to the uterus coming out of its original position，Wandering in the body。Plato’s Timaeus points out，The uterus in a woman，Desire to conceive；If you are abstinent for a long time，will be irritable，Wandering in the body，Obstructed breathing，Causes extreme pain and causes various diseases。This view has a profound influence in Western history。In modern times，People are gradually realizing that bet365 best casino games has nothing to do with organic diseases of the body，It is related to the mental or psychological condition of the subject，The social environment is an important external factor。The end of the 19th century was an important period for this change in concepts，French doctor Charcot used hypnosis to observe、Analysis and treatment of hysterical female patients，Freud further explored the psychological mechanism of the disease。bet365 best casino games is of great significance to the emergence of psychoanalytic theory，Some people think that the latter can be regarded as the son of a hysterical female patient。

　　Reinterpreting bet365 best casino games

1980，The American Psychiatric Association released the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III)，bet365 best casino games has lost its status as a distinct clinical disease name。Almost at the same time as this change in medical concepts，bet365 best casino games has been reinterpreted "in the name of feminism"。At the time of the rise of the second wave of feminism，Feminists have pointed out，bet365 best casino games is not a neurosis，It is a social disease (sociosis)，Is "an exaggerated medical metaphor for the inexplicable and uncontrollable things that men find in the opposite sex"。The physical symptoms that are difficult to suppress are not purely medical symptoms，It is shaped by culture，It is a concrete expression of the form of oppression。As told by Elaine Showalter，Feminism at this time regarded bet365 best casino games as the "native female language" transmitted through non-verbal body signals。

According to Carol Rosenberg，Hysterical female patients are products of the culture of the times，Also his accuser。She takes American society in the 19th century as an example，Point out that the disorder is rooted in social norms related to gender。The ideal woman created by relevant social norms is like this: weak、Elegance and sensitivity；Financially dependent，Emotionally submissive；Spread love by the fireplace and crib、Care、Peace and joy。As opposed to，Independence、Enterprising spirit、Curiosity and perseverance are considered masculine qualities，It’s something women shouldn’t have。But，The "little women" trained according to this ideal cannot adapt to social reality at all，Because the role of a qualified wife or mother requires rationality、Strong、Qualities such as self-sacrifice and the ability to endure pain。Women who have no strength to adapt to this reality feel ruthlessly abandoned by society，bet365 best casino games becomes a way for them to unconsciously express their dissatisfaction。Once you suffer from this disease，They can put down their heavy daily housework in a legitimate way，Escape from reality，They can also get the attention and care from the people around them that they feel they are missing。

Diana Hunt reanalyzes a famous case of bet365 best casino games at the end of the 19th century - Anna O。This case appears in the book "Studies on bet365 best casino games" by Freud and Breuer，And the latter called it "the seed of all psychoanalysis"。Young Anna Ou had various symptoms when she fell ill，In addition to the drastic weight loss、Spasticity of the arms and legs and the whole body、Visual and hearing abnormalities、Sleepwalking、Loss of emotions, etc.，Also includes abnormal speech function，Unable to properly organize the use of German as a native language，But can speak English fluently、French and other foreign languages。Neither Freud nor Breuer provided an adequate explanation for this linguistic symptom。But，Hunt believes that there is an implicit motive of resistance here: Anna Ou is unconsciously resenting and rejecting the humble status of daughters in Orthodox Jewish families。Language rules are actually entangled with cultural norms。In a patriarchal society，The ability to choose words and form sentences is related to the acceptance of male authority、The acquiescence to gender hierarchy is inseparable。The germination of human subject consciousness、The construction of world view also starts from the gradual acquisition of language structure。So，Anna Ou’s linguistic disorder symbolizes escape from patriarchal society，And the return to the forward language stage。Looking from this，bet365 best casino games and feminism are similar: feminism can be said to be bet365 best casino games that has transformed into a public political arena，And bet365 best casino games exists in individual psychopathology、Feminism without external connections。In fact，Popular culture does often label feminists as “hysterical patients”，Ironically they are going crazy，No longer obey the role arrangements of the patriarchal society。

　　Use bet365 best casino games in the service of feminism

Feminist views on bet365 best casino games during this period，Mainly based on the research and criticism of the psychoanalytic theory that took shape in the late 19th and 20th centuries。Feminist scholars discovered，Although Freud’s psychoanalysis created a new conceptual system to understand bet365 best casino games，But its revelation of female identity or personality seems to have returned to the old way of treating bet365 best casino games: to solve "penis envy"，In search of the missing penis，Women will eventually get married and have children。There is a kind of patriarchy implicit in this、Assumptions of anti-feminism and misogyny，That is, women are a castrated existence，is a broken or missing male，It is the negation of men。Therefore，Women desire a substitute throughout their lives - children，And this can only be obtained through marriage and childbirth。For that matter，Marriage and childbirth are the main definitions of "normal" female personality，The rejection of this one-dimensional fate can only be unconsciously expressed through various abnormalities on the physical level，They are pathologized as bet365 best casino games by social consciousness。

Cecily Devereux pointed out，As a basis for psychoanalysis，The “invention” of modern bet365 best casino games is also the “invention” of modern femininity，It is the confirmation of modern medical discourse on women’s nurturing role。End of 19th century，This confirmation occurred in the context of industrial capitalism's pretensions to normal and natural state structures: the rise of eugenics in relation to racial survival，Celebrating the important mission of women in carrying on the family line；A tension has arisen between women trying to work outside the home and governments and other forces that insist on keeping them at home；Opposition to birth control measures has become a global common action。Devereux thinks，All this is nothing more than reaffirming that women are the property of men in a patriarchal society。Those who cannot bear this gender role fate，People who refuse to be so-called "normal" women are treated with new theoretical tools - they are hysterics。From this perspective，The "new bottle" of psychoanalysis at the end of the 19th century，Pretended to be the "old wine" of bet365 best casino games，The intention is that the awakening female consciousness begins to demand the right to education、Employment rights、Their biological destiny is emphasized in the context of suffrage and so on，Forcing them to do what women “should” do。

The reason why feminist scholars are keen on studying bet365 best casino games，Not only to point out its social historicity，Exposing the gender oppression of 19th-century patriarchal society and its strategies to pathologize dissatisfied voices，In order to carry forward the fighting spirit，Use the resistance generated by oppression to promote the demise of oppression。In other words，Feminism wants to subvert patriarchal society，Objection to the denial of women as men，Objection to attributing the source of women’s life value to men，Trying to open up a broad space for women to define or achieve themselves。Devereux pointed out，Feminism is actually rethinking the concept of “subject” in Western society and its control over language and meaning。

Nearly a hundred years later，Freud’s hysterical female patient transformed into a radical feminist scholar in the 1970s and 1980s、Literary critic、Artist and social activist，The latter regards the former as a heroine，And demand the “right to be a hysterical patient”。In this enthusiastic atmosphere that promotes bet365 best casino games in the name of feminism，There are also some scholars who behave very calmly。Showalter considers the modern “marriage” of bet365 best casino games and feminism to be “strange”，And those so-called heroines are nothing more than weirdos and marginalized people。For when misfortune and protest go unheeded for a long time，These negative emotions are very dangerous when expressed openly，People slowly become out of control；The anger created by society in them is transformed into abnormal physical symptoms，Even become violent or have suicidal tendencies。Therefore，For all vulnerable groups，bet365 best casino games is not a romantic ideal，But a kind of pain、Performance of distortion and despair。Compared to the public struggles organized by these groups，Rulers would certainly prefer to see dissatisfaction conveyed through physical symptoms on a personal level。So those hysterical patients did not advance history from their beds，On the contrary, they bring danger to feminism。The heroine that feminists should really praise is not the manic hysterical patient——Anna Ou，But after leaving the ward, he opened an orphanage、Social activist who founded the Jewish Women’s Federation and actively promoted women’s rights—Bertha Pappenheim (Anna Oh’s real name)。

Whether the “marriage” of bet365 best casino games and feminism is romantic or bizarre，The entanglement between the two is not accidental。When the first wave of feminism broke out at the end of the 19th century，It was also the time when modern bet365 best casino games was “scientificized” by Charcot at the Sarpetrill Hospital in Paris。If they are all forms of resistance to patriarchal oppression，So the second wave of feminism that emerged in the second half of the 20th century，There can’t be bet365 best casino games either，Because gender inequality at this time has only changed in form，The content remains unchanged。Enter the 21st century，bet365 best casino games is back in academia and popular culture。At this time，“The womb is still the place where women’s rights are fought for，It is also still a place where we strive for (women’s) identity and meaning”，Feminists are fighting abortion、Sexual Harassment、Actively speak out on issues such as pornographic products and the survival dilemma of working women。bet365 best casino games is no longer a “wandering uterus” problem，It is what Showalter calls a "wandering story"，The context in which this story took place is far from gone。

　　（bet365 best casino games article is part of the National Social Science Foundation Youth Project "Research on Disability Issues from the Perspective of Contemporary Western Moral and Political Philosophy" (18CZX054)、Shandong Social Science Planning Youth Project "The Generation of Family-Work Conflict from the Perspective of Feminist Philosophy、Essence and Solution Path” (18DZXJ01) and the phased results of the Shandong Academy of Social Sciences Doctoral Fund Project “Analysis of Multiple Dimensions of the Concept of Equality in Contemporary Political Philosophical Discourse”)

　　(Author’s unit: Institute of Philosophy, Shandong Academy of bet365 best casino games Sciences)