Philosophy originated from "people's surprise of nature"，The University of University "in Mingmingde，，At the end of the best "。From this view，The goal of philosophical education is to shape the ability of citizens' basic good concepts and sense of justice，Guide them to be happy with truth and justice，Live a self -examination life。For this goal，The cultivation of humanistic feelings and scientific spirit of students simultaneously，They together constitute the dual direction of philosophical education，It has also become an indispensable component for complete citizen education。

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With the division of labor and science, the division of labor becomes more and more fine，How should philosophy maintain a balance between the two?。Early ancient Greek，philosophers are concentrated on natural philosophy，Explore the foundation and origin of the world。Starting from Socrate，They turn to the world，Instead of exploring people's own philosophical problems，Until the medieval century paranoid all the unification of God。The Renaissance movement was sent to the dawn for the liberation of human thoughts bound by Christian theology，The light of humanism illuminates the sky that is permeated by the philosophical fog of the scriptures。But after Bacon and Descartes established the standards of knowledge autonomy，The scientific and rational of the fog's fog but the empirical path opened by Confucius，The space left for humanities is even more narrower，Even the philosophers are happy to put on the "scientific Bet365 app download crown"。I don’t know，When the Enlightenment is full of prosperity，Rousseau expressed concerns about science，Kant's "three major criticisms" led them to criticize、Reflection of the journey of "Science and Monology"。Later, including Malkasis、Oak Shaart、Feiya Bende、Many philosophers including Habermas, etc. have also joined the critical queue。

It is undeniable，There is indeed a boundary between humanities and science，Any exaggeration to exaggerate its words is inappropriate。Windel Ban distinguishes humanities, social sciences and natural sciences according to the dual division of the facts of the facts and the value world.，This distinction is enlightening meaning。but，Dewey's opposition to this dual theory philosophy，More opposition to bringing it into education practice，Instead, it emphasizes the close interdependence between the two，and advocate that education should integrate the two，Never divide it artificially。Wittgenstein's ideas of determining the clarity of language in the later period of Wittgenstein changed the ideal of a strict artificial language，Reality of returning to daily language。Maybe the latter game -like language can explain the clarity of the language and the diversification of life、Practical unity。Similarly，Husser also gave up the establishment of an early dream of establishing a philosophy of "strict science"，No longer limited to seeking scientific foundation within the scope of pure consciousness，Instead, it turns to the world of life as a scientific background。For them，Education should be rooted in the understanding of the world of life，Its important significance is to rebuild a new lifestyle。But what you need to pay attention to is，This is not the preferred priority of bet365 Play online games humanities，Instead, it is necessary to highlight the interdependence of science and humanities，and the importance of this two -way collaboration in philosophy and philosophy。In this regard，Some beneficial factors in Chinese philosophy are worth learning from。

　　The "Demonization" problem of philosophical education

On the other hand, existing philosophical education，It is not difficult to find that there is still a certain degree of "dogma"，It has not yet stepped out of the instilled education mode。The consequences that are easily caused by this mode are，Some taught people either still lack the deserved humanistic care，Either still lacks a rigorous scientific spirit，Therefore。

In terms of philosophical general education，Education of "Discuss" is difficult to play the expected value leading effect。This may be particularly obvious in those non -philosophical majors, especially the science and engineering students,，Because they have always used to test the knowledge and scientific laws through experiments，And the obscure philosophical creed that teachers directly instill in the classroom are difficult to accept by them，Not to arouse their resonance on human values。When they engage in scientific research or carry out daily activities，It is bound to ignore these values。Human education should not be missing in philosophical general education，It should not be disconnected to the cultivation of justice，Instead of "engraving" consciousness with truthful philosophical ideas and "engraving" consciousness into values ​​that are adapted to contemporary China。

In terms of professional education in philosophy，Just the opposite of the aforementioned situation，What should be avoided is that "dogma" is easy to shape some people who are weaker than independent thinking and scientific Bet365 app download thinking。Four years of professional education after college，Although students from philosophy can be proficient in some philosophical knowledge，But more often they just accept these views。This is nothing more than the "dogma" of others (philosophers or teachers) as its "dogma"，Obviously contrary to the critical nature of philosophy。Even if the definition of philosophical knowledge cannot be comparable to the rigor of scientific laws，can be on the road to truth，Philosophy will always be open to theoretical criticism and scientific proof，This is the nature of the philosophical nature。So，Philosophy education should allow students to get out of the "ivory tower" of the kingdom of philosophy，No longer arrogantly，but get close to reality。Only the truth that can withstand logic or practical test，is the only way to go。

　　The two -way collaboration of humanities and science

Through the analysis of the previous article，Regardless of the relationship between humanities and science in philosophy，Still from the outstanding problems in existing practice，Needless doubt，The reform of philosophical education is imperative。It is related to the development of philosophy and social sciences，About the improvement of citizen's ideological and moral literacy，Related to the progress of socialist civilization with Chinese characteristics in the new era。The key to the current reform is，Guided by the prominent problems of philosophical education，Strive to seek a balance point between the two directions of humanities and science，At school、Teachers and students themselves three levels to form a joint force，Real the coordination of humanities and science。

At the school level，Strengthening general education，Improve the general -purpose curriculum system。At present，All Bet365 lotto review kinds of colleges and universities have basically set up philosophical general courses for students in the school，Some of these courses are very popular。Further work is，Strengthen the importance and investment of philosophical general education。It is mainly reflected in，Single nature of changing the curriculum structure，Except for philosophical introduction or general history courses，More special -class courses should be added，To form a philosophical general education system。For this，School should systematically integrate and expand philosophical education resources，On the one hand, more diverse philosophical general courses are added with plans，On the other hand, the basic courses of the basic courses of part of the philosophy of philosophy are，For students for students to study。As for philosophical professional education，It is necessary to open some scientific history and scientific and technological philosophy courses，can also include some science and engineering general courses into the philosophical training system。

At the teacher level，Improve teaching method，Implementing inspiration teaching。The role of the teacher focuses on the guidance of the method。The so -called "grant people with fish，It is better to grant people with fishing "。During the process of philosophy，Teachers should teach due to material and material、Classification Guidance。Students for non -philosophical majors，Thinking characteristics based on its accustomed to induction and reasoning，Introducing teaching with classic cases or central theory，Following good temptation、Serving people，Cultivate their humanistic feelings，Make full preparation for the arrival of the era of big data and artificial Bet365 app download intelligence。For students of philosophy，Pay attention to cultivating their critical thinking and scientific spirit。First, to guide them to break the barriers of dogmaticism，Learn to treat philosophy with doubtful attitude。Second, to guide them to be good at using empirical science methods，Understanding、Analysis and even refute some philosophical propositions or creeds，Develop scientific thinking habits。

At the student level，Optimized learning method，Carry out an inquiry learning。Students are the main body of philosophical education，Its learning method is important。First，Go back to life practice。The construction of a better life is the ultimate pursuit of philosophy，Although it also regards confirmation and self -confidence as a goal for pursuits。Students must take the initiative to participate in life practice，The meaning of life and philosophy in practice，Donor the rationality of the tools of the digital era。Next，To respond to real problems。The philosophy of being respected as "the learning of wisdom" is the result of reflection on real life problems，Students should maintain high sensitivity to these issues，Methods that have learned knowledge or ideological experiments，Try to make a reasonable answer to them，Put up unique insights。Last，To return to the master and classic。Newton once said: "If I see farther than others，That's because I stand on the shoulders of the giant。"" Thinking of philosophical issues must be reasonable，Building deep cultivation of classic text，This is also a display of the scientific spirit。Only organically combined the above three points，Only in the learning can be more than，Realizing the collaboration between humanities and science。

　　(This article is the Study of the National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Research on Global Justice Distribution in the Construction of Human Destiny" (18CZX059) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Nanjing Normal University)