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"Disease" is one of Confucius's "Three Benefits" (Son of the Son: Zhai、War、disease)，Many times in the chapters of the Analects of Confucius。But there is no too much discussion in the Analects of Confucius itself，Instead, more "very state" processing to a kind of life，That is the question of how people stand in a person in the situation of disease，such as "illness，Jun Shi，East head，Canadian service，Dragging "，The emphasis is that Confucius's detention of etiquette in the disease。Confucius's attention to disease is obviously not a medical concern，But his illness concept is for the body、Life issues are related，Discussing its physical outlook from the perspective of disease has unique significance。

Generally speaking，The study of Confucius's physical outlook is mostly focused on a moral body。If Taiwanese scholar Huang Junjie said, "Once the word" body "is" life 'solution，Refers to the limited shape extended in time and space，It also means all the potential of a certain individual，Because of this，A person can ‘cause his body’ (“learning”)、‘Forgot to Body’ (“Yan Yuan”)，Even ‘killing the body to be benevolent’ (“Wei Linggong”)。"Yang Ribin and other scholars also believe that Confucius" although the factors involved in the body，But the physical factors are basically hidden in the concept Bet365 app download of personality "。​​Another，Yang Ribin also explained the body and morality from the physical training of the ritual，I believe that Confucius has a self -cultivation theory of "prestige"，"Each capacity，All the behavior modes of the scholars on a certain occasion，and each modal is a scholar's adjustment of his original body，Harmony between individual and system specifications "。The training of "ritual" for the body is not only a way to make itself in line with the specifications，At the same time, it is also necessary to return to individual loyalty and love with the body of the body。The above can map Confucius' moral construction of the body，The body becomes the object of the Confucian cultivation kung fu。

Of course, the body has certain expression in ethics，In the Confucian ideological system，The body is not only a medium that is self -training to meet social norms，And the body itself is an important carrier of blood -friendly ethics。but，The "very state" of the disease often makes the actual feelings of the body specific，It makes people face the body and life、The true relationship of death。So，From the perspective of "disease", it can be found，Confucius’s physical outlook is not completely a moral body，Instead, it can map the body to the humanity of life、Special related related to true nature。

First，"Disease" and the body's humanity show。Confucius opposed the construction of the body's disease under moral or religious。Chen Yuanming thinks，Chinese traditional medicine inheritance "may be divided into 'witch doctors'、‘Daoyi’bet365 Play online games 、‘Confucianism’ three stages。Before Spring and Autumn，Medicine is in the hands of the witch "。The characteristic of a witch doctor is to build a body narrative through religious attribution to disease，Ru Disease Sky C conservation、Ghost attachment, etc.; at the same time，Establish various taboos about the body through this deterrent。and Confucius' cognition of the disease obviously separated from the witch doctor tendency。In the article "The Analects of Confucius", it records Confucius' doubts about the relationship between disease and ghosts and gods，"Child disease，Zilu please pray，Zi said，Is there? Zilu said: ‘Yes;。'Zi said: ‘Qiu’ s prayer for a long time。'"In this chapter，Although Confucius often feels the gods，But in the attribution of disease，But expressed doubts about the statement of the epidemic disease that was popular at that time.。​​Another，Confucius's moral attribution to the disease does not agree，If "Bo Niu has a disease，Zi asked，Self -stretching His hand，Said: Dead，Destiny husband! There are also Sri Lanka!，Explain his confusion about the relationship between virtue and disease。From this，Although Confucius' outlook on life is not completely separated from the traditional tendency of "the body mixes its performance with the composition and the social symbol system"，But from his views on the relationship between prayer and disease, you can see，It actively dilutes the disease and sacrifice、Religious、Morality and other issues。This outlook on disease reflects a bet365 Play online games "non -constructive" tendency，Implementing it to the body，That is, the disease must be cared for in the real body。As Heidegger said in a medical lecture in Zollikon, Switzerland，We should first grasp the patient's body as "living body"，The body in the daily experience。From this，Through disease，The humanity of the body can be manifested。

2，True problems of physical experience。In Confucius Thought，The good relationship between the body and life can be reflected in two dimensions: moral body -surpassing life; natural body -lively life。The previous body is a concrete of abstract moral personality，The latter is the body of sensibility。physical experience in some ideological genres，Especially in Buddhist thoughts，It is regarded as non -true nature，The body tract that surpasses the body's perception is considered the true purpose of human beings。In this way，Happy、Pain and other physical feelings are often not worthless private senses。This purpose is also in the Western philosophy tradition，Until the nearby Haidel、Merlot Pontel and other thinkers，The body is cognitive、The meaning of existence can be re -excavated。But in Confucius and other pre -Qin Confucian thoughts，There is no mental life and physical experience.。As Mencius said: "Its color is also indifferent，Seeing it，盎，Apply to the four bodies，Four -body is self -evident。"(" Mencius · Heart ") Although Confucius did not explicitly expressed his physical experience，But through his disease、Diet and other viewpoints can peek at its physical view。The disease is highlighted Bet365 lotto review is the pain experience of the body，"Son of the son: fast、War、Disease "" Kangzi feed medicine，Qiu Weida，Dare to taste "and other chapters，Can confirm Confucius' caution to this physical experience。More，In the Analects of Confucius, Confucius "I don't get tired of ethics"、Hearing the attitude of "Shao" "I don't know the meat in March" can reflect his pursuit of the good feelings of the body。This can be seen，The pain and aesthetic experience of the body are the true orientation of life in Confucius.。So，Although Confucius said, "Gentleman's food is not full，No Seeking "，But it is not to determine who is more true.，but just say that you cannot let your body desire suppress the growth of spiritual life。I am rather，Confucius pursues a good state of life，It contains moral realm、Multiple maintenance such as physical governance。

third，"Better sex" problem。French scholar Leibreyon thinks，Modern definition of the body "means a break from the world、Break with others、Break with yourself。When all these three passed away，What remains left is the body。"Heidegger believes that this is a" materialized "body view，"The boundary of the body stops to the skin"，Body and Mind、The boundary between the body and the body is completely differentiated。In Confucianism represented by Confucius，The body is an important carrier for blood -friendly ethics，and start from the body to build an ethical identity、Intergenerational continuation and symbols after death。So，Confucianism emphasizes the association bet365 live casino games between the body。and，from disease、Anti -restricted factors such as aging look at the body，Can better reflect the necessity of interrelatedness between the body。"Parents' Warbly Worry" in the Analects of Confucius，It embodies the ethical attitude of intergenerational body in disease treatment。Confucian "、Widow、Lonely、Independent、Those who are abolished "ideal" ideals，Reflected less、Old、Disease、Limited destiny of personal body and other personal bodies，The idea of ​​being shared by the general body of society。From this，The ethical imagination of physical sex is an important basis for ethical emotional hair，"worrying" or "love" is the ethical emotion that enables the body and the body to take care of each other。

Confucianism uses people's ethics and settlement as the fundamental ruler of the "good society"，Different people "each place in peace" is the basic requirements of good social ethics。Confucianism's governance background can provide a basis for governance。Disease Sociology divides the causes of diseases into biology and social culture，The disease becomes medicine、Bioscience、Medical System、Objects of social evaluation，The body is social structure、Scientific discourse and other interpretations of interpretations，The relationship between the disease and the "living body" is all attributed to a private affairs。Dested，"The physicality is always found in a response to a world"。Comparison of comparison，The simple social humanism contained in Confucius thought，It can provide a perspective bet365 best casino games of reflection and perspective for the current society that pays too much attention to the systemic and technical body。

　(This article is the "Study on Life Justice of Lives" (20YB041) in the Gansu Provincial Social Science Planning Project in 2020 (20YB041)

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Northwest Normal University)