The "Minbian" thought of "Min and Guijun" is the core of Mencius "outer king"，It is also one of the core principles of Chinese traditional political concepts。After details，We can find，"People" thought contains three aspects in Mencius's philosophy system: the ultimate orientation、Subjective orientation and Education。

The ultimate orientation of "Minben"。The primary meaning of Mencius "Minben" is，The first criterion for the political legitimacy of the country or the dynasty with "people"。For example，In the conversation between Mencius and King Liang Hui in the full book "Mencius"，King Liang Hui asks for the "benefit of the country"，Mencius said straightforwardly, "What is the king?"，People in the world are only profitable，but no longer knows benevolence。Therefore Mencius said benevolence without talking about benefits，So pull the source of the book and save the disadvantages，The heart of this sage also。"King Liang Hui" is the main chapter of Mencius and political philosophy，Zhu Zi believes that "benevolent" is a total of "one chapter's finger"，The fundamental significance of "pulling the source"。Mencius's "benevolent" told by Liang Hui is the righteousness of the benevolence and politics of the people and the people。In the dialogue with King Qi Xuan，He once again emphasized the meaning of implementing "benevolence"。In his opinion，Understand the core of Bet365 lotto review politics as power issues，The country regards the country as a community of power community at the level of political practice，This view is one -sided。Power structure as a political form，It should bear the value concept of Taoist righteousness，The essence of the country is an ethical community，Its core is "protecting the people and king"。

Mencius regards "Baomin" as the core of political issues，In fact, it is out of history warning，In theoretical level, it is because of the traditional Chinese view of "heaven"。From a historical perspective，Mencius's point of view comes from Zhou's summary of the factors that led to the destruction of Yin Shang。"Shang Shu" said: "Non -my little country dares to dare to live and life。But the sky is not allowed to let the chaos，弼，My civilian chaos and morality，You are not alcoholic "。The Shang Dynasty did not respect Tiande，Learn "Civilian Chaos Mourning"，This makes the "sky" drop punishment，Lost the world。From Mencius's view，"桀、Lost the world also，Lost the people; those who lose their people，Lost your heart "。Correspondingly，Shang Tang、Zhou Wu can get the world，"Local Hundred Miles and King"，It is that they can "take the benevolence to the people"。

Yin Zhou dynasty changed，Zhou people's reflection on the death of the previous generation.，The historical origin of becoming Mencius's "people's" thought。At the same time，We also noticed，Among them, the buds of early "Tiansheng" were also bred: comparing "heaven" and "people"。"Mencius Wanzhang" quotes "Shang Shu · Thai Oath" Bet365 lotto review "Tianshi Self -People's Television，Listening Self -listening "，It is the classic expression of this concept。"Shangshu · Tai Oath" also said: "Step in the sky，The King of Zuo，Master of the Writer。But it helps God，Pet Quartet。"The people are born of" Tian "，and "Jun" and "Division" are just the medium that God is used to help the people love the people。The political structure of this "Tian -Min -Jun"，Not allowed the monarch to obtain authority directly，He must unify his will with the people's will through "protecting the people and king"，authority can be established。

The subjective orientation of "Minben"。Simply use "Tian" to establish the ultimate pole of "people"，belongs to philosophical theory construction or value -oriented。Mencius's "people" thought except the ultimate side，It also includes the subjective side of specific political practice。In his opinion，The people are not just the object of national governance，Instead, it is a political subject that coexists with "monarch" and "princes"。

"Mencius Lou Lou Xia" said: "，The ministers see the monarch as the belly;，Then the ministers see the king as the country;，The ministers see the king like Kou Qiu。"Although it is" Chen "，But it represents the opposite of the monarchy，contains the overall "subject"。Mencius pointed out when emphasizing "protecting the people and king"，The people will respond to the monarch in a "go" and "just" way，It will return to the king of the monarch，It will also go because the monarch does not act.。As a selected subject，The people's "return" Bet365 lotto review and "go" actually represents the gains and losses of the world。"Mencius Wanzhang Shang" discussed Yao Shun Yu Zen Jie，Mencius proposed that "the emperor cannot use the world with people"。He explained to，Yao Shun Yu's Zen Jean is "Recommended in the sky"，Whether you can get the world depends on the "sky" to suffer。According to Mencius，"Recommended people in the sky" is actually "violent to the people"，"Sinity" is actually "the people's acceptance"。

King Liang Xiang asked Mencius to ask the way of "one day"，Mencius Answer "No Murder" can unify the world。He said: "If there are no murderers，The people of the world are led and looking at。Sincerity，People return，From the water,。"King Qi Xuan asked Mencius，Mencius replied: "The desire of the world is ill and the monarch，All want to go to the king，If it is，Who can impersonate it? "Mencius thinks，King wants to treat the world，Relying on power violence is not possible。But if you can do "benevolence", the political way，Love the people and protect the people，It can be irresistible "one and four seas", "King of the World"。Comparison of benevolence and power violence，fully illustrates the strength of the people's power。Mencius clearly realizes，Politics is not the personal dictatorship of the monarch，Instead of interaction between multiple subjects。Stable political ecology formed by this interaction，institutionalized expression as "Li"，、Chen、The people have made dual regulations on politics and morals，"Want to do everything for the monarch，Bet365 lotto review Want to be a minister "，The country can be stable and prosperous。

Education of "Minben"。"People" reaches the sky at the level of philosophy，can also play its own subjective strength in different ways of "go" and "just"，In the dual sense of theory and reality, we are in a fundamental position。From Mencius's view，The so -called saint、Sage，In fact, it is also "people"，It's just the part of the outstanding part。Mencius said: "Kirin is for beasts，Phoenix to Flying Bird，Taishan Zhi Yuqiu，River and Sea in the line，Class also。The sage to the people，Yifu。Out of its category，extraction。"Confucius also said," Who is the non -borne people? "Gai Yin's own similar to" people "and" people "，Therefore, you must assume the obligation，Promoting king's politics and religion、Pingzhi World。

Mencius said: "The birth of heaven is also，Make the awareness after consciousness，Make Xianjue Houjue。"The reason why the sages are sages，On the one hand, their "outstanding" and "prophets"，The more important aspect is that they enlighten and teach the public with their own awareness，This is the obligation that the sage is congenital。Confucianism has a strong feelings for entering the WTO，Emphasize "Learning and excellent"，to "Confucius March without Jun，The emperor Ruye also "。But the Enlightenment and Education of Confucianism，Different from the Salvation Master Salvation，There is a fundamental difference。As mentioned earlier，The sage itself comes from "people" and "people"，Therefore, education is essentially the self -awareness bet365 best casino games within the people。Education is therefore human、，instead of being heaven/God、Religious。Confucianism adopts a political carrier、Methods of Political Teaching，In short, "Fortunately"。"The Analects of Confucius · Zilu": "Ziweiwei，Ran Youfu。Zi said: ‘庶 矣 哉! ‘Ran You said:‘ 庶 矣，How can you add it? ‘Said:‘ Rich。‘‘ Both rich，How can you add it? ‘Said:‘ Teaching ’”。The country passes good political governance，First realize the stability and prosperity of the people，Then promote ethical and moral education and the conversion of folk customs and folk customs。

Mencius inherited the concept of "richness"，and propose the saying "Hengsheng Hengxin" theory。He believes: "Ruo Min，Because there is no perseverance，Because there is no perseverance。Gou Wuheng，Put the evil extravagance，None of it。""，If you cannot meet the living conditions of his material first，Forced moral education，Is unrealistic。So，Mencius proposed to eat meat in the "Seventies of the Seventies，Li Min is not hungry and cold "，Shen Zhi Zhi's Filial Plum "。Speaking，Although Mencius is based on the people，Also acknowledged the differences in social history，Acknowledge the differentiation of the "worker" and "laborer"。But the fundamental perspective，He emphasized that the enlightenment of enlightenment in the promotion of the king's benevolence，Simmes this difference and differentiation。In Mencius's thought，"People" is not only reflected in the source of the people is the source of political bet365 live casino games legitimacy、Political interaction subject，It is more reflected in the education of politics，"People" is the purpose of politics。These three aspects of the three -dimensional structure that constitutes Mencius's "people" thought。

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