About the relationship between heaven and man in Zhuangzi's philosophy，Xunzi "covering the sky without knowing people" is the most well known。If you say it,，Since "people" can be available in Zhuangzi's eyes，So the discussion of the relationship between heaven and man is not necessary。This said has been widely criticized，As Zhong Taiyun: "Heaven and Man said，The main purpose of this book "Zhuangzi"。"Qian Mu also said in" Zhuang Lao Tong ":" If the position of the pure sky，That is the position of the universe world，No.。Now it is standing in the life of life and adopting the position of the universe world ... "If it should be established，Then the question turns: In what sense of heaven and man can you say? Being in the world，How can I be in the position of heaven?

For this question，There are two common explanation tendencies。One can be called "hidden theory"，Zhuangzi is a real person with a hidden person who jumps out of the world，Because it gets rid of vulgar annoyance，Therefore, it can return to its true，Anyone in Xiaoyao。In "Grand Master"，Zhuangzi refers to this kind of person "Wanderer"。This idea has followers in ancient injection and contemporary scholars，But if Zhuangzi takes the viles as true，Even if the person in the surface speaker can reach the side through cultivation，But the criticism of "covering the sky without knowing people" with the outer outer scale。It can be called "realm"，Since the sky is the realm，So the combination of heaven and man means that people consciously cultivate，In the end, it can reach Tiantong Yi。This idea is inherently reasonable，but not only lost to general，and lack enough text support。

Humble text does not agree with the above two interpretations，Instead, the following judgments are proposed: First of all，In the past studies, previous research often ignored the "who knows people" at the time of heaven and people，and the "Grand Master" about this, which constitutes the point of understanding of the inside and the other side of the party; followed by，The purpose of the combination of heaven and man，Either side nor non -square，Instead, people who can do foreign affairs in the prescription，Therefore, what the real person realizes the "swimming world" method of life。The Confucian and Moly saints who do their best in the world are the killings of heaven，For the hidden people who have limited themselves outside the party，"Fangwai" is also a kind of "桎梏"。Although both parties are more closer to the way than bet365 live casino games mediocre people，But because of life and death for life and death，Therefore, it is separated from the real person。

　　Bet365 app download

"Grand Master" starts immediately:

Knowing what the heavens are，Those who know people，To 矣。Those who know the sky，Born in the sky;，Knowing what it knows，I do n’t know what it knows，Those who are all overdue without the middle year，It is Zhi Zhisheng。Although，Premium。Fu Zhizhi stayed and then defined，It is not settled by the person they are。Yongzhi Zhiwu is the so -called people? The so -called people are not heaven?。

On the one hand，"Knowing the Cast" is a real person，The main manifestation is Zhitian and knows people。On the other hand，The focus of this paragraph is not a real person，but the person who knows people outside the real person。Simple in the figure，May wish to summarize with "class"。This kind of crowd is in people，Someone's shape，Not separated from others。With what it has，Be able to know "everything that is born"，Therefore, it can be all over the end of the year without the middle of the way。But the category is still "unknown" -the know what heaven is。Zhuangzi then summarized the class to the people as "the husband knows something and then be the same，It is not settled by the person they are "。For such people，The object of what it knows，From the context, "Sky"。"Sky" is the infinite transcendence standing in the distance，Category to people needs to be anchoring and confirming their own existence and location through "Sky"。But they knew nothing about such an infinite "Peter"。In this sense，The root cause of the establishment of "waiting" is "the division of heaven and man"，The highest possibility of waiting for it is "waiting for the sky"。But I have to know "non -Taoism"，Because the true knowledge is "nothing to do"。

In short，From Zhuangzi's view，Heavenly people do not only have two poles，Between ordinary people and real people，There are also those who only do people who know people。Real person is the one who knows，The only one who knows the person only reaches "the prosperity of knowing"。If further investigation，The root cause of this distinction is whether "heaven and man have points" or "no points"。Everyone's biochemistry is unable to control and expected people，Unexpectedly, I do n’t know what to know，Actually "to know health"，This "life" shows the "health" of Zhuangzi's "health"，More refers to the life of "shape"。But for real people，There is no point of life and death，Heaven and Man have no points。So the so most people are not true，Mingyu。

　The ideal situation of "Fang in the Fang"

After twisting the "person who knows people"，After twisting the "person who knows people"。The background of this statement is that bet365 live casino games Zhong Ni said that he said his own realm as a square，Zisang House, who will sing the corpse、Mencius Anti -Anti -、Ziqin Zhang Zhu people are called outside。Zhong Ni Yan: "He，You are also outside the tour; and Qiu，Those who are within the tour also。Not across the outside，And the Qiu Zi girl hangs from，Qiu Zhebugu。"" Subsequently，Zhongni also refers to the "outside of the tour" as the "teratot"。

There are two common interpretations inside and outside the other side of the past.。A Note family thinks，You are not a real person，The travelers represented by Zhongni are real people (such as Panthan)。Another note that the other party believes that the foreign person is a real person (such as Lin Yunming、Lin Xiyi)。Why do you say it? You also need to solve the world of the other party and the outside world of the other party。The word "Fang" is far away from "Earth World"，and "The Skin of Skybladers，Ankexing Solutions "and" solve its 桎梏 "are also related。

According to the meaning of text，Zhongni can distinguish two levels。One，"Qiu，The killing people of heaven also。Although，I and Ru's common "。This language is Zhongni's overall portrayal of her realm，Even if there is any helplessness，Still needs to be committed to the world。and people who commit their lives in the "Fang" person，All are "the killing people of the sky"，Zhongni has a clear awareness of this。But those who cannot achieve suspended solution。Its two，"Fish looks like water，Humanity is like a way。Those who are in the same water，Raise it to the pool;，Born to be born。Therefore,，Fish Fish Forget about Rivers and Lakes，People forget the Taoism "。The usual explanation of this sentence is to treat water and Tao as "Fangwai"，Fish and people refer to those in the formula。If you say it,，"Fangwai" is "Tao"。But Lu Huiqing may be more literary，"Special" refers to "separate inside and outside"，Even in the side，It can still reach the way。For the fish in the pool，You only need to walk in the water in the pond，No need to talk about the big water。Corresponding to it，People can be set for only "nothing" in the side。，Self -sufficient，Nothing to ask for。In other words，For Zhongni，Although he is in a chaotic world，桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏，But as long as you are not strong，can also reach self -sufficient。In this sense，"Through the pool" can also have a positive meaning。Be careful when you are at ease，Undaled "Swimming between the World"。

Above this，Zhong Ni talked about a layer of meaning: "Therefore,，Fish Fish Forget about Rivers and Lakes，People forget Taoism。"Yi Lu Huiqing，The upper and lower layers are progressive relationships。Those who can "forget the Tao" as bet365 Play online games a real person，Because of its full Taoist，Therefore, it is better to match the Tao。This paragraph also echo the above "Spring，Fish phase and in Lu，Xiangxuan is wet，Xiangyu Yimo，It is better to forget each other，with its Yu Yao instead of 桀，It is better to turn it into the way "。"The Wet Foam of the Fish" is a metaphor for all right and wrong in the world，and the rivers and lakes are the realm of the community，The way to reach the community is "forgetting each other"。Two talks with each other，Fang Fang can also have a difference between the technique of Ming Fang，"Putting through the pool and raising it to" and "Born" are obviously closer to "Tao" than "呴 呴" and "resort to good evil"。But above the "Sompleless Tao"，There is also a layer of "forgetting the way"，After all, "through the pool" also has the participation of "function" in any case，Forgotten and forget the shape, but real people can reach。Through the above decomposition，Zhongni can be interpreted as: if the fish can forget the rivers and lakes，The big rivers and lakes do not need to wear pools to support themselves; people forget Taoism，That is, people have suffered all the Taoism，I don’t need to make it special with "nothing"。Observation，Zhongni only reaches the "composition" layer，Know all "what people do"，Therefore, you can go close to the road at the time of "nothing"。But "Nothing" still has traces，It is raised by consciously inaction，and achieve the effect of "fixed"，It is a typical one who knows what it knows "Tao" and does not know。From this，Zhongni is different from those who are restricted by the square (such as Zigong)，It is even different from those who are outside，Instead of being between the two，It can be described as the aforementioned "Those who know people"。Although the rivers and lakes and Taoism that is the ultimate back to the people is still separated by the end of the person.，But for those who have virtues of saints and no saints，It is still the most close behavior。In this sense，"Putting through the pool and raising" is exactly the ideal situation given by the author of "The Grand Master" to the "Knowing the person"。

　　"Fangwai" is not a real person

Since the people in the side are not real people，Does it mean that people outside the side are true? Still need debate。Zhuangzi borrows Zizi first、Mencius Anti -Anti -、Ziqin Zhang's mouth cloud: "It can be available with no phase and good，Is it true? I can go to the sky for the sky，Scratching Wuji; forgetting to give birth，No end to end? "No matter what explanation，This is the extremely high language of the realm。"Phase and Yu Xiang Xiang and" refers to each other on the surface，A relationship with a relationship，But bet365 Play online games in essence, it is still "non -phase"; "phase is not phase" refers to each other，In terms of its essence, it is still "non -phase"。Although this idea is quite high，But the understanding of Zhuangzi's "objective relationship" is different。In "Qifu theory"，Zhuangzi said that everything is not partition，but connect with each other，The independent characteristics of all things are also based on the one as a community。On the other hand, the three sons of Sanghu，It is not "connected" between each other。This difference has implied that Zhuangzi is not based on "true"。

further，"Climbing the sky，Scratching Wuji，Forget to be born "，Also say that each of each other is forgotten each other，No end to poor。，Non -occurb，Independent。Abnormal people are also "people who are not right"，The main features of the foreign person are the pursuit of unique days，Like deficiency and quiet，Therefore, the changes in the world depend on abandonment，To survive in the square，Directly underworld。In this statement，Heavenly people are clearly opposed to。But Taoism is omnipotent，So how can it be only outside the side inside? In this sense，"Ferry" is obvious in real people、Sage first，It can only be said to be a gentleman。

In the chapter of "Zisanghu Death"，Mencius Anti -Anti -、Ziqin Zhang's words and deeds reflect the characteristics of "侔 天" outside the Fang Fang.，or drum，Xianghe Song said: ‘嗟!嗟 嗟 嗟 嗟!，and I am still people! ‘” Two people face death，or arranging，or drum，Singing，This series of "audience's ears" move，It is difficult to say that it is the most virtue。"Reverse"，It is still at the beginning，The meaning of returning to death。If you only say it, there is no problem，But then the two sighed that they did not reach the unrelenting status，and use it as a regret，Obviously there is a suspicion of pleasing death，Xianfei Zhuang Sheng's Xu。A series of exaggerated words and deeds，Men Mencius Anti -、Ziqin Zhang has formed a confrontation with Zhongni: once it is limited to Fangwai，The world's world is meaningless，This，"Fangwai" has also become "桎梏"，Because the inner and outer method itself from the perspective of Fangwai perspective，I have reduced myself to "Fang"，The boundary defined by Fang and Fang has never forgotten，It's just that the "Fang" in the "Fang" is different。That's why，What is the difference between the three and Zhongni? It's all the killings of the heavens，Nothing reaches the realm of virtue。

The other person outside the other party also has an overall evaluation:

The other side and the creator are humans，and swimming in the world。Pharmaceuticals as an associated wart，Determine with deathUrchmuda，Fu Ruoran，Also knows where life is! Fake from foreign objects，Entrusted in the same body; forget its liver and gallbladder，Limit its eyes; repeated at the end，I don't know the clue;，Xiaoyao Lifeon's Karma。​​By the evil energy is the world of secular，The eyes of the audience!

This says that the method of being restricted by Fang Fang on the other side is further highlighted.。First，"The other side and the creator is a person" can echo the "The World" chapter "Tour on the Creator，Under the outside world、Those who have no end as a friend "said。is a person，As also。"Humanity with the Creator", that is, travel with the creation as a friend，The heart of the outside world can swim in the meaning of the creation。"Above people" is highlighting the characteristics of the outside of the square。Except "Great Master"，This is also seen in "Ying Emperor"。Where，Unknown with the creator as a friend，It is also an interested in secular governance，The image of a square that is not interested in the world。Echo two phases，It can be seen that the self -limitations of the Fang Fan。"Swimming one of the world" also refers to its only reorganization，Ignoring the point of Qi。

other，Zhongni and "Mang Ran is beyond dust，Xiaoyao Lifeon's Karma "said，The place where the other party swims is further copied。This sentence echo "Climbing the Skywalfwa"，"Dirty Dirt" also takes care of "Xiaoyaoyou" "Dust Dirt and Bran"。People who are outside the Fang are beyond the vulgar people，How can I faint the world of secular，What about the eyes of everyone? Further，"He is a raw as an associated wart，Determine with deathUrchmage "means" boring life and death "，Use "Sheng" as an obstacle to the outside of the party，Death is exactly the way to get rid of obstacles。Le death，Obviously failed to be unknown。Fake foreign objects，Yuan Fei already existed，This is also a foreign body in the shape of a foreign body，Heart and Daoyou，So Cloud "Entry to the same body"。Although the outside world is tourists，But it is as unknown，So Yun "Limit its ears"。In short，The above saying means that the outside of the party cannot forget it in the side，I have to help Fangwai。People outside Yan Fang are not seen，Beyond separation，Reflecting the abandonment of "different" and the longing for the ideal order of "one of the whole"。The birth of a person also，Do not leave the road，If you can't leave the road, you can forget each other inside and outside，Why ask the 畸 侔 侔 侔 侔 侔，Disgusting people?

　　Conclusion: Real person in the world

Decomposition according to the above，You can see that the two parties hold one end，Not a real person。That's why，The interpretation bet365 best casino games of Zhongni as "real person" is wrong，The statement of the respectable side is not established。Fang inner and Fangwai are two ways of lifestyle，There is no difference in high and low，It's not the relationship between this is the other。Compared to "forgetting"，Although the two are close to the way in different ways，Each is partial，And the other person's name "does not stand" in the name of the square。If you look closely，The two aspects of "people do" are known to。I said before，"Those who know people" to raise "I don't know" to achieve the goal of "all years without the middle"，Zhongni is the typical typical。The attitude of the people outside the Fang is "with life as an associated with lift warts，Determine with deathUrcea "，The opposite to Zhongni。But the two parties are consistent in one thing: having "anxiety about life and death"，Difference is just in the face of this anxiety attitude and practice different。"Dead" is "unspepped" for both parties。And the real understanding of the relationship between heaven and man is "unpredictable"，There is no difference between heaven and outside。

Actually，The "real person" expected by Zhuangzi is the "You Shi" who can do things inside and outside。The definition of "real people" is used as a reference，Meng Sun can be described as a model meaning。When the mourner cries，He has not died as a cola as those who are outside the side，So as to sing when you come to the corpse。People cry and cry，But "crying free，The Center does not feel "，This is the same as the mediocre; but Meng Sun is not tired of sorrow，Sadness is not damaged in the heart，No consumption in spirit，This is different from the mediocre。A word of words，Cable inside and outside、That is the way that the outside is the way to the real person。

　　(The author is the post -doctoral school at the School of Philosophy of Fudan University)