International prestige refers to a psychological impression on an observer in the international relations to inside and foreign observer。What is different from the national image concept that has been popular in recent years is，This psychological impression reflects the strength of a country and determination to use this strength、will and ability。Due to the asymmetry of information and the existence of private information due to anarchy，This psychological impression directly affects the estimation of power relationship and contrast，Then it affects decision -making and behavior，Therefore, it is a typical concept of international political psychology。

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Although the researchers usually dates back to the international prestige, in the "Twenty Crisis" of Edward Carr, the power of dominating public opinion as the explanation of the third source of national power beyond the military and economic strength,，But the earliest explicitly proposed and discussed "international prestige" was Hans Morgenthau。Morgano understands the prestige of the country from the perspective of interpersonal relationships。He found correctly，The nation's prestige that exists in the minds of other countries rather than the direct country's strength，is the most direct factor bet365 Play online games affecting the policy of other countries，This constitutes the earliest research of international relations theory of prestige。

Another realist theory master Robert Gilpin developed JPMorgano's understanding of international prestige from the perspective of system function。Gilping simply pointed out that "prestige is the reputation of strength, especially the military strength"，The transactions and negotiation results between the country mainly depends on the corresponding prestige of the participating parties。So，War, especially the main role of the hegemony war，It is the different levels of international prestige，and determine which country actually ruled the international system。

　The development of international prestige research 

Morgan and Gilping's exposition on international prestige concentrated represent the point of view of prestige supporters，It also constitutes the traditional perspective of international prestige research。Agels have carried forward the analysis of JP Morgan about improving national prestige through diplomatic etiquette and showing off force，I think sports events，Especially the performance at the Olympic Games，is a new platform for displaying national prestige，Greed up the observation path to enhance prestige。Of course，Not all researchers recognize the importance of prestige。Development of Cognitive Psychology，Further reveals that the prestige of JP Morgan depends on the perspective of other people's cognition rather than self -imagination，So one here，From a cognitive bet365 Play online games perspective, further discuss whether the prestige may be accurately recognized as a growth point for further research。Perception is a subjective reflection of an individual for external objective facts，It has strong selectivity and understanding，The degree of stimulation of both perception objects、Comparison differences，The existing knowledge and experience of the perception subject、Thinking and attitude、Interest requirements motivation, attention point and emotional related。So，Different objects often do not get consistent conclusions for the same result。

Daniel Markey believes，Gilping's understanding of the importance of prestige is rooted in a wrong cognitive assumption，The reason why he regards war, especially hegemony, is regarded as a functional needs of the system，It is because he actually assumes that the country and its leaders are unable to update their relative power in time to make it the same step with the material changes in power。Among the other tribes of power transfer theory，It seems that they also disapprove of this assumption of Gilp Ping like Machi，Whether it is Dale Copeland (Dale Copeland), emphasizing the prevention of sexual war，Still pay special attention to the comparison of national strength from 80%-120%of A.F. K. Organski，Both of them actually think that the country is capable of updating prestige cognition in time。Jonathan Mercer (Jonathan Mercer), as his critical path for national reputation，Borrowed social identity theory and attribution Bet365 app download theory，By denying the importance of international prestige between British prestige and other main onlookers during the British prestige and other major onlookers during the British。In his opinion，The prestige in international relations is an illusion target。

Although Murser believes that his research has overturned the traditional research on Morgan and Gilping's prestige，But to some extent, his negative research just proves the reasonableness of Gilping's research。Murser looks for a single one、Objective、The failure of the national international prestige cognitive standards that recognize the national prestige cognitive standards cannot deny the actual role of the national prestige，It just reminds us，Differences of prestige cognition and interpretation due to cognition and other psychological mechanisms。Although he only compares the differences between the prestige of other countries for different countries，But this difference can also exist in China，thus involving and stirring complex domestic political struggles that determine the country's foreign policies and behaviors。If you can accept this understanding，The combination of cognitive differences and domestic politics, but explains why the country is confused by Maki in a timely manner.，This has led to static assumptions about the international prestige level held by Gilping，That is, its ultimate change has to depend on the war, mainly the hegemony and war to achieve，After all, even if there is a controversy about prestige, it is defeated.。

　　Future of International Preference Research 

Objectively speaking，Compared to other mainstream issues，The research of international prestige is still at the relative edge position，The reason for this situation has a lot to do with the vagueness of its own concept，Especially with status、Differences and contacts of neighboring concepts such as reputation。

Gilp Ping's prestige level's mention obviously means that there is a level ranking about prestige，So is such a rank ranking international status? Yuen Foong Khong's analysis and operation of the prestige level of China and the United States in the Asia -Pacific region，It is almost impossible to find the difference between the two concepts。Murser also thinks，prestige and status are synonyms，There is only some small differences。What is the small difference between this tiny? International status is considered to be a common cognition of the country's international ranking in important attributes，Depending on the sum of the image recognized by a country。That is to say，Status needs to be recognized。Some scholars still think，Legality is an important condition for acquiring status。So，Can it be considered，Prestige can exist from the legitimacy。

Except status，Barry O'Neill believes that reputation is also almost the concept of extension that is almost the same as prestige。Murser doesn’t think there is any substantial difference between these two concepts。Traditional studies believe that "prestige is the reputation of power"。Covery of reputation and promise'bet365 Play online games s credibility，Generally speaking，Reputation is the implementation of the promise or threat of your own front，Without this pre -promised or threatened, it doesn't matter if you first，But prestige does not depend on the existence of this preliminary commitment。When one big country sitting at another host country bullying or even invading a small country with a good relationship，If there is no advance protection commitment and the stop sex threat issued，That strictly speaking, it will not damage its reputation，But the occurrence of this behavior itself will damage its prestige。That is to say，The category of prestige may be greater than reputation，The damage to reputation will inevitably affect prestige，But the loss of prestige does not necessarily affect the reputation。，It is difficult for small countries to have prestige，But you can also build your own reputation through your own words and deeds。

If the above understanding is established，That means，Compared with status，Prestige can not depend on the existence of the independence of others; but at the same time compared with the reputation，Prestige has to rely on a level system recognized by others。The understanding of the accurate definition of prestige cannot solve the relationship and logical consistency of the relationship with these adjacent concepts，Only in this way can we truly establish its research field and status。

　(Author Unit: International Political Department of International Relations College)