Mao Zedong loved reading history throughout his life、Governing history and using history，To ancient Chinese history、Modern and modern history of China、In-depth study of the history of the Communist Party of China，Also involved in world history，Thus establishing the basic methods of bet365 sign up bonus code research，Has a profound impact on the development of Chinese historiography in the 20th century。

　　Explanation and establishment of bet365 sign up bonus code materialism

In the history of Chinese historiography，bet365 sign up bonus code idealism has long been dominant in the field of social history。bet365 sign up bonus code idealism attributes the ultimate causes of social phenomena and their bet365 sign up bonus code development to spiritual factors，Regard the ideological motivations of bet365 sign up bonus code figures and the subjective will of some outstanding figures as the fundamental causes of the development of human history，And deny the objective laws of bet365 sign up bonus code development，deny the decisive role of the people in bet365 sign up bonus code development。

Mao Zedong’s important contribution to the development of Chinese historiography in the 20th century，It is to establish the status of bet365 sign up bonus code materialism in bet365 sign up bonus code research。He made it clear，“We are bet365 sign up bonus code materialists”，Emphasize the use of bet365 sign up bonus code materialism to analyze、Looking at bet365 sign up bonus code issues。

From Mao Zedong’s perspective，The subject of history is the people，bet365 sign up bonus code activities are the people’s own undertaking，The people write human history。“People，Only the people，It is the driving force that creates world history”，This is a response to the bet365 sign up bonus code development of the people、Full affirmation of the role in the process of social change。The establishment of the bet365 sign up bonus code subject status of the people，Laid the foundation of Chinese bet365 sign up bonus code methods，Promoted the development of Marxist historiography。

The occurrence of bet365 sign up bonus code events，There are objective social and bet365 sign up bonus code conditions，When examining bet365 sign up bonus code events, we must start from the social and bet365 sign up bonus code conditions，Do not make subjective assumptions。Mao Zedong pointed out: "Whenever a movement occurs，Not for no reason，There must be objective conditions。”Analysis based on social and bet365 sign up bonus code conditions，In order to accurately understand history，Objective evaluation of history。When discussing the research methods of the history of the Communist Party of China，Mao Zedong advocated "ancient and modern Chinese and foreign laws"，That is, "clarify the certain time and certain space in which the problem under study occurred，Study the problem as a bet365 sign up bonus code process under certain bet365 sign up bonus code conditions”。

Reality develops from history，The important purpose of studying history is to explore the laws of history，Summary of bet365 sign up bonus code experience，To guide practical practice。Mao Zedong clearly pointed out: "Today's China is a development of bet365 sign up bonus code China；We are Marxist historicists，We should not cut off history。”bet365 sign up bonus code development is inherited、Continuity，Only by combining history can we grasp reality。Because of this，Mao Zedong at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Party，Calling all Communist Party members with considerable research ability，“We must all study the history of our nation，We must study the current situation and trends of the movement”，“No bet365 sign up bonus code knowledge，No deep understanding of actual sports，Victory is impossible”。bet365 sign up bonus code works such as "Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party of China" and "Compendium of General History of China" were compiled against this background。

　　The admiration and application of bet365 sign up bonus code dialectics

The occurrence and development of history is the result of the combined action of multiple factors，Studying and evaluating history must adhere to dialectics，Cannot be simplified、One size fits all。Mao Zedong clearly stated: "We are Marxists，It talks about bet365 sign up bonus code dialectics。”bet365 sign up bonus code dialectics is the application of philosophical methods in bet365 sign up bonus code research。

For Chinese traditional culture，Mao Zedong was neither blindly affirmative，Not blindly denying，Instead, we advocate critical inheritance，"Get rid of its feudal dross，Absorb its democratic essence”。

Mao Zedong when evaluating bet365 sign up bonus code figures，Note that it is divided into two，Full of dialectical spirit。For Confucius，On the one hand, it is called "the saint of feudal society"，Compare names and things、Written and quality、The explanation of the relationship between words and actions contains part of the truth，Reject all views of right and wrong history；On the other hand, I think Confucius’s moral theory is wrong，A materialistic observation should be made，Add more criticism。For Chen Duxiu，Mao Zedong on the one hand believed that he had made a serious mistake，Some very incorrect remarks；On the other hand, Chen Duxiu is believed to be the commander-in-chief during the May 4th Movement，He actually led the entire movement，“It should be recognized that he has made contributions to the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people”。This kind of thing for ancient China、Evaluations of modern bet365 sign up bonus code figures，Full of dialectics。

Mao Zedong when evaluating bet365 sign up bonus code events，Also contains the wisdom of dialectics。In Mao Zedong’s view，The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty，The end of more than two thousand years of feudal monarchy，Established the Republic of China and the Provisional Revolutionary Government，And formulated the "Provisional Agreement"，Has "great bet365 sign up bonus code significance"。But，“The Revolution of 1911 was not successful，Failed"。The reason for the failure was that Sun Yat-sen’s leadership group made mistakes，It was wrong to compromise with Yuan Shikai at that time。The history of the period from the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Party to the Zunyi Conference，Mao Zedong emphasized “Don’t deny everything”，“If you deny everything in the past，That’s a bias。We need to analyze the problem，Don’t deny it in general”。This kind of bet365 sign up bonus code event、Objective evaluation of bet365 sign up bonus code periods，Highlights the methodological charm of bet365 sign up bonus code dialectics。

How to view success and failure in the process of bet365 sign up bonus code development，It also involves issues of bet365 sign up bonus code research methods。Mao Zedong believes，To understand the objective laws of the development of things，Must practice，And must go through the comparison of victory and defeat；Only see victory，No failure seen，It’s impossible to understand the rules。This interpretation of the relationship between victory and defeat，Contains affirmation of the value of failure，It is the embodiment of bet365 sign up bonus code dialectics。

　　Practice and establishment of bet365 sign up bonus code investigation methods

bet365 sign up bonus code research requires the collection of various aspects of documentary materials and physical objects，Need to go back to the bet365 sign up bonus code scene to experience history、Touch history。Mao Zedong attached great importance to investigation and research，And apply this working method to bet365 sign up bonus code research。

During the Great Revolution，Mao Zedong emphasized the importance of rural social surveys，And launched a survey and research course at the 6th Guangzhou Peasant Movement Workshop hosted by him，The "Inspection Report on the Peasant Movement in Hunan" was formed；In the process of developing the Soviet area in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian，Mao Zedong conducted a large number of rural surveys，Formed representative investigation texts such as "Xunwu Investigation" and "Xingguo Investigation"。Yan'an period，Mao Zedong compiled the rural survey text written by himself in detail，Compiled the book "Rural Survey"。Mao Zedong’s series of investigations into China’s rural society，It is a realistic study on Chinese rural society，It is also a bet365 sign up bonus code study of Chinese rural society，And provides important materials for academic research on Chinese rural society。

In view of Chinese history、The insufficient research on Chinese society，August 1941，Mao Zedong drafted the "Decision on Investigation and Research" for the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Request specific measures，Enhancing history、Environmental investigation and research，“The central government establishes an investigation and research agency，Collect domestic and foreign politics、Military、Economy、Materials on various aspects of culture and social class relations，Study it”。Not only that，Also requires all central bureaus、Central Branch、District party committee or provincial party committee in an independent region，Eighth Route Army、High-level organization of the New Fourth Army，High-level governments of various base areas，Every research institution must be set up，Collect various materials。Mao Zedong pointed out: "Now the Central Committee of our Party has made a decision，Calling on our comrades to learn to apply the Marxist-Leninist position、Views and methods，Study China’s history seriously，Study China’s economy、Politics、Military and Culture，Each question must be analyzed in detail based on detailed materials，Then draw theoretical conclusions。”This kind of bet365 sign up bonus code research，It is based on extensive collection of materials from all aspects，It is bet365 sign up bonus code research based on bet365 sign up bonus code investigation。

　For bet365 sign up bonus code investigation，Mao Zedong advocated analysis first and then synthesis，There should also be a small synthesis in the analysis。When talking about methods of studying Chinese society，Mao Zedong demanded that "it be divided into political ones"、Economic、Cultural、Study the four parts of military affairs”，Comprehensive on this basis，"Conclusions of the Chinese Revolution"。

　　Advocacy and practice of the policy of contention among a hundred schools of thought

The policy of a hundred schools of thought contending，First of all, it was raised based on bet365 sign up bonus code research。October 1953， The Chinese Academy of Sciences decides to publish the magazine "bet365 sign up bonus code Research"，Ask Mao Zedong for instructions on the publication policy，Mao Zedong proposed "a hundred schools of thought contend"，And it was established as the basic policy to guide the academic development of our country at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in 1956。"A hundred schools of thought contend" in its essence，It is also a method of academic research。

Mao Zedong is an advocate of the policy of contention among a hundred schools of thought，Also a practitioner of the policy of contention among a hundred schools of thought。July 1958，Mao Zedong’s reply to Zhou Gucheng，Polishly declined the request for a preface to his new book，Modestly saying “I don’t have much research on logic，I dare not comment”。Although this refers to the debate about formal logic and dialectics，But it reflects Mao Zedong’s attitude towards academic debates。July 23, 1965，"Guangming Daily" published the article "Rebuttal of the Authenticity of "Lanting Preface"" written by Gao Ershi，Disagree with Guo Moruo’s views。Mao Zedong pointed out after reading Gao Wen，“There should be debate”，And wrote to Guo Moruo，Think of “writing and ink lawsuits，Something is better than nothing”。

It is under the guidance of the policy of a hundred schools of thought contending，1950s and 1960s，The periodization of Chinese slavery and feudalism in Chinese bet365 sign up bonus code circles、The development of China’s feudal society、Phases of modern Chinese history、Peasant War、Forms of feudal land ownership、The formation of the Han nation、The germination and development of capitalism in China、Evaluation of bet365 sign up bonus code figures、Marxist historicism and class perspective、Patriotism in history、Issues such as the driving force of bet365 sign up bonus code development，A lively discussion started，Deep bet365 sign up bonus code research through discussion。

The bet365 sign up bonus code materialism established by Mao Zedong、bet365 sign up bonus code Dialectics、bet365 sign up bonus code Survey、bet365 sign up bonus code research methods such as the contention of a hundred schools of thought，Not only promoted the development of Chinese historiography in the 20th century，It still has guiding significance for bet365 sign up bonus code research in the new era。

　　(The author is the Dean of the School of Marxism, South China Normal University、Ministry of Education’s “Changjiang Scholar” Distinguished Professor)