In a multi -ethnic country like China，Architectural culture has multiple humanistic ideological dimensions and rich diversity。Through cross -regional、Cross -cultural interactive communication，Ancient Chinese diversity architectural ideas can be intertwined in specific space -time、Canadian and culvert，Create many cultural space and landscape with specific humanistic meaning。Where，Just as far as Buddhist buildings are concerned，It is used as a sacred worship space，At the same time, it is the idea of ​​religion and culture、Direct reflection of traditional and concepts。The architectural maps that carry these humanistic spirit and have visible visibility are also in a long history，The subtle influence and shaping the person in it、Society and ethnic group。It can be seen from this，Research on Religious Architecture History has a very diverse angle，Except for the structure and technical evolution of the building itself，Based on this, it is explained and deconstructed through the rigorous research and reasonable speculation of empirical.，reveals the humanistic meaning of the humanistic building behind religious buildings，It is a path of our in -depth Chinese traditional thought world。

Cultural exchanges between Han Tibetan ethnic groups are far away，The integration and innovation of religious architectural culture is one of the important aspects。From architectural French、shape and other elements see，Tibet、Qinghai、Sichuan, Inner Mongolia and other places preserved a group of Tibetan Buddhist temple buildings since the 14th century，Has a typical "axisymmetric -One -Zheng Dang" Chinese architectural layout and the combination of Chinese and Tibetan Big Wood Configuration Buddhist Temple，Some of them still leave the tension paintings with the structure of Tibetan densely mandala。This kind of Buddhist building that combines the two architectural styles and design ideas of Han Tibet，The emergence and flow of flow in specific geographical areas，There is a metaphor of a strong cultural integration behind it，It is of great significance for us to understand the model of the cultural interaction of the Han and Tibetan nation and the construction of a cultural community。

From the perspective of archeological data and existing heritage，The Sangye Temple -style Buddhist temple model becomes the basic shape of the Tibetan Buddhist Buddhist temple after the 11th century。It is characterized by the longitudinal rectangular Buddhist temple as the core，Around the turning corridor，The Buddhist Hall and the Corridor bet365 Play online games are in front of the corridor.。This pattern has a wide range of streams，South to Wei Tibet，​​Sida Ali、Kashmir，North to Hexi Corridor、Black Water City area。Until the rise of the Gelug School in the 16th century，The shape of the Tibetan Buddhist Temple will change the fundamental change。From the perspective of monomer architecture，Tibetan Buddhist Buddhist temple is mainly Tibetan flat -top building，The exterior wall is built with stone barrier to build a load -bearing load，Inner pillars are set up to support the beam，Over -coveted wood、wooden stick、Wood chips, etc.，Then use clay to make Aga as a flat top。This approach has been inherited in Tibet to this day。Since the 13th century，With the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty，Tibetan Buddhist architecture has begun to be strongly affected by the traditional Chinese architecture。Represents Zhwa Lu, Tibet (zhwa Lu)，Snowy Plateau Integration、Created a brand -new architectural model that combines two traditional Chinese -Tibetan traditions，and is widely used in Tibetan Buddhist streaming areas。From this，A cultural picture with multiple symbolic meaning came into being。This is also one of the reasons for the expansion of Xialu Temple in the history of Han and Tibetan relations。

From the existing Xialu Temple building relics，We can clearly see the transformation and reconstruction of Xialu Temple architecture in Hangu's thinking and large wooden building culture。From the perspective of the overall layout，Expansion is a planned land based on the integration of the old Buddhist temple，Make the temple show the four temples together、The plane layout of the "Yizhi hatchback" with the middle axis，Reflected the obvious Chinese architectural tradition and way of thinking。The "One Masked Sembo" model with a central axis in Xialu Temple on the 15th and 17th centuries of the new temple hall system is undoubtedly huge，Rujiaangzi Chos SDE Temple of Tibetan、Gong Dkar Chos SDE in the Shannan region is the landscape of the Toshin Temple in the Temple of the Temple，and DGA ’ldan Phun Tsht Tshn Gling in Lazi Prefecture，This layout is adopted on the plane without exception。

From the perspective of single buildings，The top east and west of Xialu Temple expanded in the period of the expansion period of the north and south of the north and south of the north and south are all using almost pure Chinese -style wooden structures，Including the pillar、The paving layer composed of columns and corner bucket structures、painted flat -top，Green glazed tile、Hangshan roof supported by 椽栿 椽栿，They are very similar to the known construction practices known as the Yuan Dynasty，Official practices belonging to the Yuan Dynasty。This hall has a typical feature of the early Sangye Temple -like shape in the early bet365 live casino games days of the post -Hong period，。above such a Tibetan Buddhist temple structure，Integrate Chinese -style wooden buildings，Han artisan teachers on the one hand without pillars to support the roof，Instead of building wall load with the peripheral circle，Set up a general shot and support the top layer and the entire Wulinliangshan roof on the shelves;，That is, add another circle of columns in the outer eaves，Fully building the columns of the gallery form a closed space。As a result, the "sub -step" part constitutes the transition gallery of the enclosure，In appearance, the top building of heavy -eaves is also formed。This style can be called the Han Tibetan -style Big Wood Structure Buddhist Temple。This shape -made Buddhist temple building we can see today，The earliest example is the east of Xialu Temple。This architectural model of Xialu Temple has a wide influence in the 14th century Wei Tibetan area，As the famous Kada Pai Gu Temple Zhuomarakang used the same Han and Tibetan combination as Xialu Temple to rebuild the Buddhist temple。and after the 15th century，Although the Tibetan land has not inherited the complex "Pingyu -椽栿" wooden wooden technology，But only as far as the appearance style of the Chinese -style slope roof (RGYA PHIBS)，GYI GYI RGYA PHIBS (GYI GYI RGYA PHIBS) has gradually become popular in Tibet，Finally became a standard configuration of the entire snowy -level high -level Buddhist building。

The late 14th century to the 16th century basically followed this shape of the Han Tibetan combined large wood structure Buddhist temple in Hexi，That is, the Ganqing River West Corridor and the River Basin are very popular。Hexi region is geographically intertwined in Hanzang Miscellaneous Place，Multiple civilizations here to meet here、Fusion，and derived some unique regional cultural phenomena，And the evolution of the shape of the Han Tibetan -style wooden Buddhist temple system is one。Now Yongdeng area，That is, Zhuang Langwei in the Ming Dynasty still preserved a batch of Tibetan Buddhist Buddhist temples in the 15-16 century。They are built by the Ru Tuju family, known as the "Hexi Giant Room" in the Hexu area of ​​the Ming Dynasty。The Ru Tuji family's four of the four major timid Xue Xue during the Genghis Khan period、Sūldūs (sūldūs) Suerhan · Lost (sūr? View n ireh) Chimbai, a series of descendants，Its tribe has moved from Mobei to the current Yongdeng area from Mobei in the middle of the 13th century，Gradually abandon the nomadic grassland lifestyle，Imitation of the Han people settled down，The Central Plains concept of the world has gradually penetrated its heart。Ming Dynasty，The Rubu family is the Ming Dynasty to refuse Mongolia，Southern defending all time，戍，Think of Fan screen。They show their bet365 Play online games admiration and identification with the cultural and political traditions of Hanti，Try to dilute your Mongolian origin。At the same time，In response to the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the Emperor admired Tibetan Buddhist beliefs，The Rubu family is also keen on Tibetan Buddhism，and try to preach my prominent family，Connecting it with the Buddhist Tibetan history view established by Basba's "theory of Chang"，To establish your own status。In this background，These temples established by the Lu Tuji family reflect the typical Chinese building axis symmetry and the "One Positive hatchback" mode in the overall layout。and the monomer building is based on the inherent Han Tibetan -Tibetan Buddhist temple，Auspicious Multi -Gate Tower "Temple Temple" of Baiju Temple, which was founded in the early 15th century of Wei Tibet,，Using Pingyu and Dou Bazao Well for clever planning and design，Draw the four secrets of all kinds of mandalas、Respecting God image，According to high to low,，Election from the center out of the center，Finally formed a complete Buddhist god department，Create a tradition of following the cultural tradition of the Han Dynasty architectural culture，It also specifically reflects the sacred space of Tibetan Buddhist secretary thoughts。From its essential point of view，This kind of building still reflects the Ruetu family on the basis of keeping their native people，Pray for a thirst for obtaining the identity of the Ming government's identity。For example, the gratitude temple built by Tusi Lu Lin，It clearly reflects the two sides of the Ruetus family。Its temple layout to the single building is the Chinese religious architectural model，There is a Chinese -Tibetan stone monument in the stele kiosk，Its content and expression are very different。The viewer of the positive Chinese monument is the officer and generals sent by the court，Therefore, the content of the Chinese monument clearly reflects the ideological and three -religion view of the official ethics of the Ming Dynasty with the ethics of Confucian ethics。The viewer of the Tibetan monument behind it is Tibetan monks，Therefore, the family history of Ru Tuchi has been vigorously entered into the Buddhist historical narrative context that has been reshaped since the 13th century。Thanksgiving Temple Humai High Hall Hall "Daming" plaque，The six reincarnation drawings drawn by the "Beijing version" determined by Bandanzha in the hall，Daxiong Treasure Hall adopts square plane and large wood structure，Sky Drawing with Supreme Yoga Two Continuous Continuation of the Mandarin Mandala as its core of Mandala，All these are shaping two very different cultural identity，It is the metaphor of the duality of Yitu family in the east of the Rubu family。

Han and Tibetan Big Wood Bet365 lotto review Study Buddhist Temple passed the "Templar Temple" reconstruction，It quickly spreads to the northeast and southeast direction。Moisture and combination of localization，This kind of Buddhist hall building has evolved in Tibetan Buddhist pop -up areas such as Inner Mongolia and western Sichuan.。mid -16th century，Genghis Khan's 17th generation of Sun Tumo Dubius leader Altan Khan entered the soldiers Qinghai，Mongolia and Tibet restart contact。Altan Khan, on the one hand, opens a market with the Ming Dynasty，Accepted the Book of the Ming Dynasty; on the other hand, in order to establish your status in Mongolian Ministry，Start to regain Tibetan Buddhist beliefs，Rebuild the ancestor Rongguang with the help of rebuilding Mongolia and Tibetan relations，Shape his orthodox status of the founder of the Shao Xuyuan dynasty Kublai Kubili Rotary Wheel。Therefore，Altan Khan Effect imitates the facts of Kublai Khan and Basba's meeting，Three dispatched messengers invited Gelug leader BSOD NAMS RGYA MTSHO，At the same time, he ordered his fourth son Bing Rabbit to build a Buddhist temple，Welcome to the arrival of Sonan Jiacuo。At that time, many Chinese artisans were invited to build a Buddhist temple，named "Yanghua Temple" by Ming Shenzong。What should be pointed out is，The Mongolian is a northern nomadic group without architectural culture，The functions and symbolic significance of architecture in culture and political life are only established after it enters the Central Plains。The brilliant city created by Kublai Khan -DAYIDU，Leaving an indelible historical memory in Altan Khan and other ancestors。Therefore，Visabilities of Altan Khan's visual imagination of the highest level of Buddhist temples，Still Chinese -style buildings in the Royal Temple of Yuan Dadu。This shows that Yanghua Temple adopts the style of pure Chinese -style building，On the oneh，On the other hand, it is also a reproduction of the historical memory nourished by Han culture。

Altan Khan's ideal in his heart is to reproduce the glory and prosperity of the past。Therefore，After meeting in Yanghua Temple，Altan Khan returns to Turkt "to imitate the big metropolis" to create a city，built a large board and Hohhot，Build a Tibetan Buddhist temple in the city，This is the origin of the beauty of beauty and call。Through Deep Qinghai，Altan Khan came into contact with the popular Han -Tibetan "Temple of Temple" in Hexi.，Created Yanghua Temple, which has an important symbol of political and religion in the history of Mongolia Relations，It can be seen that Yanghua Temple is what the ideal Buddhist temple in Altan Khan's mind。Of course，Because a large number of Shanxi craftsmen participate in the construction of the temple，Altan Khan Bet365 lotto review also provided the governor of Shanxi and the participation request to provide artisans and paint，Therefore, its architectural French is inevitably affected by the Buddhist buildings in Shanxi Han Dynasty。Despite this，We can still see the profound Hexi origin from the architectural style of the beauty of the beauty。From this，Mongolian Tibetan Tibetan Buddhist architecture development is based on the style of Chinese architecture，Since the Qing Dynasty, Mongolian Buddhist buildings have shown a strong Chinese weather，Its start is here。

Take Hexi as the source，Han Tibetan -Tibetan "Temple of Temple" Buddhist Hall not only broadcast and relocate to the Northeast Inner Mongolia area，and also introduced the Mi Nyag region of Ganzi, Sichuan, through the Tibetan Yi Corridor，Combined with the long history of Tibetan and Qiangqiang，Create a new type of Han Tibetan -Tibetan -style Diaolou Sutra。According to field surveys，The existing instances of this type of dwelling masonry are distributed in the Jiwang River tributaries, the Jiqi River and the Kowloon River Basin。Analysis of the era of murals，Its creation time is roughly from the late 15th century to 16th century。This is another example of the Chinese cultural concept with the use of architectural shapes to complete multi -ethnic cultural construction。

above，The author is mainly from the dimension of Buddhist material culture，Research methods through architectural archeology，Study on some distinctive Han cultural architectural elements in the Hexi region in the architecture of the Tibetan Buddhist Buddhist temple，such as "Axial Symmetry -One Positive hatchback" layout、Bringing the Chinese -style heavy -eave large wood structure and the tension mandala color painting combination。These architectural elements that reflect the concepts and cultural traditions reflecting the concepts and cultural traditions of the Han Dynasty，From the end of the 13th century to the beginning of the 14th century, it was introduced by Hexi to Tibet by the Yuan Dynasty's effective governance of Tibet，and get full localization。In the 14th century Tibetan Buddhist culture from absorption to conscious stage，Tibet first -class scholar represented by Master Beton，For the past hundreds of years, from the Han Dynasty、The Secret Literature of Tibetan and Western Regions in India and Western Regions，systematically summarized and sorted in accordance with the structural system of the "Fourth Continuous Ministry"，Based on this, the corresponding systemic visual performance is also derived，That is inclusive、The systemic image of the Temple -like Temple。This new image expression method was nurtured in Hexi in the early 15th century，The new "homogeneous heterogeneous" Han Tibetan Buddhist architecture Bet365 lotto review is born。This new French style has not only continued to be popular in Hexi since then，also spills to the Kang District of Inner Mongolia and western Sichuan，It has a far -reaching impact on the local 16th century and its future Tibetan Buddhist buildings，This also has a milestone in the history of ancient Chinese Buddhist architecture。From a deeper perspective，This Chinese -style architectural model that integrates with Tibetan architecture can be regarded as a cultural symbol with distinctive metaphor in the long history，The hidden is actually based on Huaxia's standard，Explanation of realizing the unified thoughts。From the perspective of the relationship between people and architecture，The cultural symbol full of symbolic meaning is accepted and accommodated by Tibetan land，It has become a part of the cultural concept and self -cultural elements of self -reflection，Localized、The cultural landscape created based on this is no longer regarded by the local and liquidity people as a kind of foreign、Exotic cultural embodiment。This long historical period is popular with visualization.，Volkswagen Communication carriers that transcend the spiritual consciousness beyond text，It is one of the many examples of continuous and blending between the two ethnic groups of Han and Tibetan ethnic groups。When a culture，Religious beliefs、Visual art, etc. become daily life of people，So unknowingly Chinese recognition and civilization community will also produce naturally。

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