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The Chinese Civilization Source Project implemented from 2001 to 2016，Adhering to "multi -level、Multi -angle、Comprehensive "concept，Discuss the origin and formation process of civilization in various regions，and the formation process of the multi -in -one pattern of the Chinese civilization with the Central Plains as the core，Then explore the cause of this process、mechanism and characteristics。Where，The civilization process in the Central Plains region is the most important subject of the Chinese civilization source project。

The middle reaches of the Yellow River entered the Neolithic Age about 10,000 years ago。Lijiagou and other sites have unearthed pottery and grinding stone about 10,000 years ago today，It indicates that a small amount of millet and rice or rice or rice have begun，But hunting and collection are still the main food source。Early early Pei Ligang culture, which is about 8000 years ago，Preliminary development of agriculture。Henan Wuyang Jiahu Ruins found more than 8,000 years ago village and public cemetery，A certain number of carbonized rice was unearthed。A minority tomb with seven -hole bone flute，This is the earliest flute，Reward the history of world music。Bet365 lotto review Several turtle shells unearthed from some tombs of Jiahu site，Some of the scraping symbols at the bottom of the turtle shells are similar to the pictographic shape of the Oracle "Meter" of the Shang Dynasty Oracle，Do not rule out the possibility of some inherent connection between the two。

The origin of civilization refers to the stage where the prehistoric society transitions to a civilized society。The most prominent feature is the more obvious differentiation of society，On the basis of production development，Differential differentiation of the rich, the poor, and the poor，A small number of people leave labor，Beginning to transform to the wealthy class，From an equal society to a classic society and the country。So，There is no obvious differentiation in society，It can’t talk about the origin of civilization; there is no country，Can't talk about civilization。

The early mid -to -medium -to -mid -to -mid -to -the -era of the Shi Plains region，On the eve of the origin of civilization。There is no obvious signs of social differentiation in the village and public cemeteries of Jiahu ruins，It has not yet developed to the origin of civilization，But laid the foundation for the origin of civilization。The Central Plains region is distributed with Yangshao Culture for 7000-5000 years.。This culture Banpo period (6500-6000 years ago) is represented by Xi'an Banpo and Lintong Jiangzhai site。There is no signs of the wealth and the poor, the poor, and the poor and the poor,。So，The origin of Bet365 app download civilization in the area has not yet arrived。

Yangshao Cultural Temple Ditch period (6000-5500 years from the time)，Ling Dingyuan site in Lingbao, Sanmenxia City, Western Henan, appears several large and medium -sized settlements。They are densely distributed with many small sites，Form the settlement group。

Discovered in the excavation of the Sipo Site, one of the largest sites in the site group,，There are wide natural rivers on both sides of the north and south of the site，and being surrounded by trenches，Defense color is strong。The central area of ​​the site is square，There are several large houses near the square，It may be a place for the residences of the wealthy class and the place where the group holds important rituals。Public cemetery was found outside the trench。The tomb area of ​​general social members is only about one square meter。Large tomb area is 67 square meters，and the burial production of more exquisite weapon jade，There are more than a dozen pieces of pottery at the foot of the tomb。The owner of the tomb may be military leaders，Has a high status。This is the site of the earliest significant social differentiation in the Central Plains region.，Explain that the society at that time had begun to appear obvious class differentiation。

5500 years ago，Several large settlements in the west half of Zhengzhou, central Henan。Gongyi Shuanghuashu Site found in recent years (about 5300 years ago)，The largest settlement site in the same period found in the middle of the Yellow River in the middle of the Yellow Bet365 app download River，It is also the largest scale in central Henan、The highest level of level，This should be the political center of the Central Plains at that time。

Double locust tree site and the surrounding Qingtai、Wanggou and other sites are surrounded by triple ring around，Public cemeteries are also within the range around the ring。The central area of ​​the site has east -west row、Large building complex distributed in north and south。This kind of progressive back and forth、Symmetrical building layout first appeared in the double locust tree site，Open the precedent of the layout of ancient Chinese palace buildings。The shape of nine pots was found in the site in the site，I also found a complete elk and the bone of a wild boar with the first to the south and facing the door，Location on the upper end of Beidou Jiuxing、Near the Arctic，Also seen at the site of Qingtai。This shows that people should have the relationship between the operation trajectory of the North Dipper and even the seasons transformation，Perhaps the Beidou belief has appeared。A silkworm -shaped jewelry made of animal teeth unearthed in the site，Multi -unearthed cocoons unearthed in Yangshao Cultural Site，Explain that the middle reaches of the Yellow River had been engaged in silkworms in the middle of the Yellow River。

Recently found another high -level building base site in the south of the site，Reflected the serious division of socialization in the Central Plains at that time，There are noble classes。The middle reaches of the Yellow River 5300 years ago is likely to be the most bet365 live casino games obvious social differentiation nationwide、One of the areas where the civilization process is fast。

Color pottery was originally Shaanxi, about 7000 years ago、Shanxi、Henan junction area was found。Yangshao Culture Banpo, 6500 years ago，"Color Pottery" in the Central Plains area。Color pottery patterns are popular with fish patterns and simplified geometric patterns, which are mainly linear triangle patterns as mother questions。The Yangshao Cultural Temple Ditch period, which is 6000-5500 years ago,，Color pottery decorations have changed significantly，The fish pattern system gradually exits，On behalf of bird patterns and patterns of dots and arc triangles (variants of bird patterns or flowers)。

Start around 5800 years，Central Plains has gradually imposed an impact on the surrounding areas，and the range gradually expand，reaches the peak around 5300 years before it is about 5300 years。Its influence and north to Heji area，Nanda Yangtze River Basin，West to Ganqing area，East to the lower reaches of the Yellow River。Some scholars think，This is the prototype of "cultural China"。I think，It can also be said to be the earliest Chinese bud。This period is exactly the era of the ancient country centered on the Shuang locust tree site in the Central Plains region。The central area of ​​this influence -the middle of the Yellow River and the era of occurrence -5500-5300 years，Both are in line with the Yanhuang Group's activity area recorded in the literature，When non -accident。

Yangshao Culture has bet365 Play online games a period of strong influence to the surrounding areas，It is also exactly the origin of civilization of various regions of China、Important period formed。The upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River、The upper and middle and downstream of the Yangtze River and the Liaohe River Basin have gradually intensified social differentiation，The process of moving towards a civilized society。Civilization of each region is independent of its own origin、Development，Communicate with each other、Drediting each other，Gradually formed some common traits。If farming -oriented，Pay attention to farm and mulberry; from jade as beauty，To Yuxian is expensive; the invention and worship of the divine animal dragon; pay attention to blood margin，Respect the ancestors; pay attention to etiquette，Emphasize order; advocate harmony，and differently，These have become genes of later Chinese civilization。Origin of civilization in the Central Plains region、The process of forming and early development，It is also harmonious、Keep vitality，Keep vitality，The process of continuous innovation。This is also the core area of ​​the Central Plains to become the core area of ​​Chinese civilization、Central Plains Culture has become an important reason for the main roots and main veins of Chinese culture。

　(The author is a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Researcher in the Institute of Archeology)