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Special Planning: Tong History and Trigger -Two Text Forms presented in history

May 22, 2020 02:31 Source: "China Social Sciences" May 22, 2020

　　Editor's words: "Tong" is the highest state of historical research

The history of our country's literature is 4,000 years long。History of History，It should also be traced back to 4,000 years ago，instead of the three thousand years in the past。Of course，Regardless of three thousand years，Still four thousand years，Chinese history is far from long、Rich inheritance，It is recognized in the world。

For four thousand years，The highest goal pursued by Chinese historians、The highest realm that I want to reach，is on the word "pass"。

Speaking of "Tong"，Many people immediately think of Sima Qian's so -called "change of ancient and modern"。Actually，Not only Sima Qian，Many historians，All "through" self -encouragement。The two most famous historical theoretical works in ancient times，A "Shitong"，A "Literature History"。Sima Guang hosted the chronicle of more than 1,300 years of editing，Book Cheng，Emperor Shenzong personally named "Zi Zhi Tong Jian"。Du You's "Tong Dian"、Zheng Yan's "Tongzhi"、Ma Duanlin's "Literature Test"，"Three links"。Later generations 赓 continuity，To the "Ten Tong" public。"Tong" as a great historical proposition，Long noise，Impact to Deep。

"Said": "Tong，Da Ye。"" Yi "said: The endlessness of the relationship between the end is the same，Push and do it。There is an obstacle，No predicate。Weitong，。Pass does not hurt，The pain is not through。bet365 live casino games Historian Four Long: talent to learn virtue; three history books: historical affairs、History、Shi Wen，Not perfect in any aspect、There is a loss，Nothing to pass。Therefore，Desire for the history，must be the first person;，Must have a general communication。There is a general knowledge，can be passed、Intersection、The way of penetration is out of the way，Realm of Yuantong。

Text forms presenting history，Taking the history of the general as a community。Tong History、Disciples，孰孰劣，By Tongren，And Liu Zhiju advocates interruption，Zheng Yan pushed the history。Zhang Xuecheng also advocates the history of editing and practice，but，Reminder he read 兹，Do not pretend to be "general history" with "collection history"。

We think，Tong History、Disciples，Each has its own excellent length，It can be focused，Not abolishment。A great era，Need to have a great history of disconnection，More great history。but，Regardless of the history of the interrogation，or history，All need to implement the word "through" specifically and slightly into the compilation。

What kind of characteristics should be on the discussion of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics，General Secretary Xi Jinping specifically reminds the word "Rongtong"。"Rongtong" when it is righteous，Dashu! General Secretary Xi Jinping particularly emphasized the integration of three resources，One is Marxist resources，Second is the resource of the excellent traditional culture of China，Third, the resources of foreign philosophy and social bet365 best casino games sciences。Contemporary Chinese history should launch a masterpiece of ideological penetrating power，self -properly rather than abstract the above three resources to integrate the above three aspects。

Discussion on the title of "Two major text forms presented by history"，Significance is here。

　　Two propositions compiled by the history and history of the history

How should the compilation and innovation of the history of the Tong history and the history of the disconnection? Discuss this topic，Need to have a wisdom that transcends "inertia thinking"。The reason is obvious，Tong History and Dragon History as the two major areas，long -term distinction to treat，Even the inherent connection between the two is ignored。A fact，Since the history of the general history and the history is the two most valued history of the reader，So the essentials of its history are by no means irrelevant，but penetrate each other、complement each other。In other words，In the concept of history，On the perspective and requirements of observing historical facts，In the way to reproduce objective history，There must be a place where they are all。Realize the transcendence of "inertial thinking"，We will associate the history of the history and the history of the Dragons to investigate，Can inspire inspiration，Summarize the following two propositions with theoretical value，To promote the historical compilation of the new era。

　　Passing and cross -cutting: Function and relationship between the history of general history and the history of discipline

Traditional Chinese History belongs to narrative history，Different from the nature of analytical history bet365 best casino games and modern history。Traditional history to describe historical facts、Save historical memory as the basic function，To meet the changes in the angle of narrative，Formed a biography、Chronicles、Chronicle Book、Different narrative methods such as the system body body; in order to adapt to the selection of narrative periods，Different narrative genres such as general history and history have appeared。The so -called general history，refers to its narrative range is not limited to a certain dynasty，Instead of crossing multiple dynasties，Historical book genre described by historical evolution clues，It has the characteristics of penetrating ancient and modern;，relative to Tongshi，refers to its narrative limited to a historical book genre in a certain dynasty，characteristics of horizontal interception history。Whether it is a general history or a disconnection history，It's just a way to display traditional Chinese history。

　　The spirit of Chinese history and history is unique and national characteristics

In the process of the evolution of traditional Chinese historians，According to the genre and content of the historical book，History books can be divided into two categories: general history and inter -generation history。The Han Dynasty was the establishment of the traditional Chinese history compilation，Emma Qian "Historical Records"、Ban Gu "Han Book"、Jue Yue "Han Ji" is the history of the Chuan Chuan Tong Cong、Ji Chuan Term and Chronicles History and Children's Breaking Generation History all appeared in this period。Due to class、History of 荀荀，More suitable bet365 Play online games for ancient Chinese dynasties to replace，Therefore, drive together，"Strive Strive First"，Acting on behalf of，Tongshi writings are rare。until Emperor Liang Wu, the Southern Dynasties，Fate Wu Jun compiled "Tong History"，，讫代，A book that has clearly signed with "History" appeared。Since then，The masterpiece of the history of the history of the history of the history is "different"。During the period of Tang Dezong，Du You compiled into "Tong Dian"，The institutional changes from the Emperor Huangdi to the end of Tang Tianbao on the narrative，First precedent for the history of the system。

　　The spirit of general history: the fine tradition of Chinese history

Since Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty proposed "the change of ancient and modern" and wrote it into the history of the Chuan Chuan Tong history "Historical Records"，To Zhang Xuecheng in the Qing Dynasty proposed the "Tong Historian style" and used this to evaluate the history of the predecessor，Ancient historian's theoretical interpretation of the spirit of history has not been interrupted。As a pursuit of historical purpose and value，The spirit of the general history has always been respected by ancient historians，As a pursuit of historical purpose and value。Clarify the main purpose and essence of the spirit of general history，It is particularly important to understand the essence of traditional history。

　　The "Tong" of the History is both the body and spiritual

Liu Jiahe thinks，The two different views of Chinese and Western historical views behind are different episodes。Where，Western historical epistemology originated from the knowledge Bet365 lotto review that ancient Greece thought can only be determined the unchanged substantism (Substantialism)，That is the concept of anti -historicalism。Basis of traditional Chinese historical epistemology，The universal nature is inside the particularity，and show your own dialectical understanding view，That is universal，Among the specific things reflected in the change。

　　On the Tong and Break of History Circus

Traditional historical book compilation is based on the history of the discipline body，Ji Chuanzheng's history editor has been divided into general history since "Historical Records" and "Hanshu"、Lord History。Later scholars compare "Historical Records" and "Hanshu"，On the Si Ma Qian、Ban Gu Yiyu，or a broken generation，or a broken generation。Lord History，Excellent "Historical Records" and respect Sima Qian;，Zong "Hanshu" and Zhan Ban Gu。Two factions each hold one end，Continuous controversy。

　　Times need excellent general history and inter -generation history

"Huitong" and "Drag" are a historical topic，Ancient historians due to their different purpose，There have been different opinions on this。But look at it today，The compilation of the two historical tailors is the need for the times。

　　The history of "passing" must be "through"

Actually，Discipline is the needs of the times、The situation is the matter for the situation，does not mean insulation with the history。On the contrary，Ban Shi History can also be written as a general history，Therefore, it is called a breakdown history for example of the history of the Qing Dynasty，It's just that this kind of inter -generation history must have the Bet365 lotto review spirit of "passing"，or to give disconnected history works to penetrate、Shipping、The spirit of China Unicom and Yuantong，can we break the history of generations as a general history。

Editor in charge: Changchang